Module 31 Studying Memory Flashcards
Memory
the persistence of learning over time through the encoding, storage, and retrieval of information.
recall
a measure of memory in which the person must retrieve information learned earlier, as on a fill-in-the-blank test.
recognition
a measure of memory in which the person identifies items previously learned.
relearning
a measure of memory that assesses the amount of time saved when learning material again.
encoding.
the process of getting information into the memory system—for example, by extracting meaning.
retrieval.
the process of getting information out of memory storage.
Storage
the process of retaining encoded information over time.
Sensory Memory
the immediate, very brief recording of sensory information in the memory system
Short-term Memory
activated memory that holds a few items briefly, such as digits of a phone number while calling, before the information is stored or forgotten. s
Long-Term Memory
the relatively permanent and limitless storehouse of the memory system. Includes knowledge, skills, and experiences
Working Memory
a newer understanding of short-term memory that adds conscious, active processing of incoming auditory and visual information, and of information retrieved from long-term memory.
explicit memories
retention of facts and experiences that one can consciously know and “declare.” (Also called declarative memory)
effortful processing.
encoding that requires attention and conscious effort.
automatic processing,
unconscious encoding of incidental information, such as space, time, and frequency, and of well-learned information, such as word meanings.
implicit memories
retention of learned skills or classically conditioned associations independent of conscious recollection. (Also called nondeclarative memory.) implicit memories
