Module 3 Video Flashcards
Pharmacology (definition)
how drugs interact with the body- side effects, contraindications, effectiveness
Pharmacokinetics (definition)
how drugs move through the body- ADME
Pharmaceutics (definition)
how drugs are created- tablet, capsule, suppository
What does ADME stand for?
Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, Excretion
What does Absorption refer to? (ADME)
The process by which drugs are absorbed into the bloodstream in order for them to produce an effect, especially in the GI tract
What does Distribution refer to? (ADME)
the process by which drugs are taken to their site of action
Distribution primarily takes place in the ____
bloodstream
3 factors that may affect distribution:
Drug’s solubility, size and protein binding
What does the M in ADME stand for?
Metabolism
What does Metabolism refer to? (ADME)
the process by which drugs are changed by enzymes in order to become active, inactive, or for elimination
What are enzymes?
Complex proteins that speed up or slow down chemical reactions
Metabolism is primarily done by the ____
liver
What is a Metabolite?
the substance resulting from the body’s transformation of an administered drug
What does Excretion refer to? (ADME)
The process by which drugs are removed from the body
How can drugs be removed from the body? (naturally)
Renally in urine, or in stool
What does equivalence mean? (what is an equivalent medication)
a situation where a medication may not be available so an alternative must be chosen/ used
What are the three common types of equivalents?
Therapeutic equivalent, Pharmaceutical equivalent, Pharmaceutical alternative
What is a therapeutic equivalent?
when two medications contain the same active ingredient as well as the same pharmacokinetic principles as the reference drug
What is a pharmaceutical equivalent?
medications that contain the same active ingredient, however may differ in inactive ingredients or their release properties
Are pharmaceutical equivalents freely interchangeable?
NO!- it will change how the medication affects the patient
What is a Pharmaceutical alternative?
Medications that may have the same main active ingredient, but could vary in its salt form or other characteristic
Are pharmaceutical alternatives freely interchangeable?
NO! The effects of the medications are not the same
What is an active ingredient?
Ingredients that exhibit a therapeutic effect
What is an inactive ingredient?
An ingredient holding little to no therapeutic value