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CNA2 > Module 3: Sterile Technique > Flashcards

Module 3: Sterile Technique Flashcards

1
Q

Medical asepsis (infection control)

A

Practice that prevents the spread of infection

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2
Q

Nosocomial infection

A

Infection that originates in the health care facility

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3
Q

Generalized infection

A

Spread throughout the body (fever, chills, pain)

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4
Q

Susceptibility

A

Body’s ability to resist infection. Determined by age, underlying disease, nutrition, medications, etc.

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5
Q

Pathogen

A

Microbes that cause disease

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6
Q

Bacteria

A

Microorganisms that can be eliminated with antibiotics

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7
Q

Viruses

A

Cause disease, cannot be eliminated by antibiotics; many treated with vaccines

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8
Q

Disinfection

A

Destroy pathogens by scrubbing or soaking

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9
Q

Antiseptic

A

Product that cleans the skin and removes microorganisms; do not use on equipment or for cleaning environmental surfaces

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10
Q

Modes of transmission

A

Airborne, droplet, contact (direct, indirect), common vehicle (food, water), vector (fleas, ticks)

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11
Q

Fomite

A

Linen, equipment, etc contaminated w/ microbes

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12
Q

Droplet transmission distance

A

3 feet

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13
Q

Chain of infection includes

A

Causative agent, reservoir, portal of entry, mode of transmission, portal of exit, susceptible host

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14
Q

Clean and soiled items

A

Considered soiled even if not used but brought into pt room

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15
Q

Hand washing

A

Most important method used to prevent spread of infection

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16
Q

Mucous membranes

A

Tissues that secrete mucus; open to outside of body (nasal passage, mouth, eyes, vagina etc)

17
Q

Blood borne pathogens

A

Microbes that cause disease through contact with blood, mom-intact skin, mucous membranes, etc. (ex. Hep B & C, HIV, AIDS)

18
Q

Hepatitis

A

Inflammation of the liver; 6 types in US: A, B, C, D, E, G

19
Q

Hepatitis B

A

Infection of liver; may have no symptoms; diagnosed by blood test; jaundice; permanent liver damage

20
Q

Hepatitis C

A

Disease of liver; also affects white blood cells; liver cancer and failure

21
Q

Hep A & Hep E

A

Oral/ fecal contamination via food (A) or water (E)

22
Q

HIV

A

May have no symptoms; blood converts - to + when person becomes sick; blood test required; 6-10 years for AIDS to develop; lifelong carrier of HIV

23
Q

Standard precautions

A

Used in the care of all residents regardless of disease or diagnosis (hand washing, PPE, etc)

24
Q

Transmission based precautions

A

Regulated by CDC; includes airborne, droplet and contact precautions

25
Q

Negative pressure environment

A

For airborne precautions, ventilation is reversed; air is drawn upwards into vents, specially filtered or exhausted directly to outside

26
Q

E. coli

A

Resides in intestines; can cause UTIs; 0157:H7 outbreaks caused illness & death; transmitted via contaminated meat etc; supportive care

27
Q

Petechiae

A

Small purple spots on body surface caused by minute hemorrages

28
Q

Pseudomonas colitis

A

Caused by Clostridium difficle; develops in PTA on antibiotic therapy; foul smelling watery diarrhea; contact precautions

29
Q

Hantavirus

A

Spread by contact with rodents and their excretions; excretions become airborne and are inhaled; respiratory support; not transmitted person to person

30
Q

Shingles

A

Occurs only in people who have had chickenpox; lesions follow nerve pathways; contact and airborne precautions

31
Q

MRSA

A

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus; difficult to treat drug resistant organism; contact precautions (wound) or droplet precautions (respiratory)

32
Q

VRE

A

Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus; originates in colon; causes severe infections in parts of body; spread by contact

33
Q

Tuberculosis (TB)

A

Spreads via airborne; treatment 6mon-1yr; fever, night sweats, blood tinged mucus; vaccine is live, not given in US; growing health concern; treated with antibiotics

34
Q

Head lice

A

Parasites spread by contact with infected person (not animals); check for nits (eggs)

35
Q

Scabies

A

Caused by mites; highly contagious by direct and indirect contact; topical creams and lotions for treatment

36
Q

Sterile technique (surgical asepsis)

A

Microbe free method used for performing procedures within body cavities and during certain dressing changes

37
Q

Shingles caused by

A

Herpes zoster

CNA2 (10 decks)

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