MODULE 3 ROOF MATERIALS

Question 1

is the top covering of a building, designed to shield it from rain, snow, sunlight, wind, and temperature extremes.

Answer 1

roof

Question 2

It is a joint-framed structure that can support inclined, vertical, or horizontal loads. made up of components like angles, channels, plates, and eye bars, and it typically includes rafters, posts, and struts to support structures like roofs, bridges, or other frameworks.

Answer 2

truss

Question 3

The triangular end of a pitched roof, or the triangular upper part of the gable wall.

Answer 3

Gable

Question 4

The edge of a hipped roof that runs from the ridge to the eaves. It is formed when two sloping surfaces intersect.

Answer 4

Hip

Question 5

This is the lower edge of the roof surface that overhangs the walls.

Answer 5

Eaves

Question 6

This is the underside of the eaves that is fixed to the back of the fascia and the wall. It forms an enclosed element all around the building.

Answer 6

Soffit

Question 7

This is the uppermost line of the roof and is formed at the intersection of two sloping surfaces.

Answer 7

Ridge

Question 8

This is the line formed at the internal intersection of two sloping surfaces. It runs from the ridge to the eaves.

Answer 8

Valley

Question 9

The timber component that sits upon the top of the walls of a building and to which the foot of the roof rafters are fixed

Answer 9

Wall plates

Question 10

This is the underside surface of the eaves and the soffit of a gable roof which overhangs the gable wall.

Answer 10

Verge

Question 11

A vertical timber or plastic trim that is fixed to the feet of the rafters and, along with the soffit, encloses the eaves

Answer 11

Fascia board

Question 12

A timber or plastic trim that is horizontally fixed to the underside of the rafters and which, along with the fascia encloses the eaves

Answer 12

Soffit board

Question 13

A vertical timber or plastic trim that is fixed to the face of the last common rafter at the end of a gable roof

Answer 13

Barge board

Question 14

A rafter that runs from the ridge to the wall plate

Answer 14

Common rafter

Question 15

These are short rafters that run from the hip rafter to the wall plate. These short rafters form the lower portion of a valley or hip.

Answer 15

Jack or cripple rafters

Question 16

This is the main rafter of hip roof. It is to this rafter that all jack or cripple rafters are fixed to form the hip.

Answer 16

Hip rafter

Question 17

This framework comprises two common rafters and noggins. The noggins and the rafters form a ladder frame built into the top of the gable wall and extend beyond the gable wall to form the gable eaves to which the barge board is fixed.

Answer 17

Gable ladder

Question 18

This is a strong, large sectioned timber member which, is fixed to the common rafters midway between the ridge and the wall plate and runs parallel to the wall and the ridge. On gable roofs, the ends of the purlin are built into the gable walls. This component gives added strength to the roof structure and allows heavier roof coverings to be used.

Answer 18

Purlin

Question 19

These are metal hangers by which ceiling joists are fixed to the wall plate, or they may be built into the supporting walls.

Answer 19

Joist hangers

Question 20

These are timber components which span from wall to wall and to which the ceiling covering is fixed.

Answer 20

Ceiling joists

Question 21

These are horizontal timber components which span from wall to wall and which are fixed to the feet of common and jack rafters

Answer 21

Roof binder

Question 22

These are angled components which are fixed to the common rafters and roof ties. The strut is usually fixed at right angles to the common rafter to offer greater strength.

Answer 22

Roof struts

Question 23

Hangers are vertical timber components similar in size and cross-section to a common rafter and are fixed to the top of the common rafter close to the ridge and the ceiling joist or roof binders.

Answer 23

Roof hangers

Question 24

The most affordable and widely used truss design in residential and pole building industry.

Answer 24

Regular (Common) Truss

Question 25

Due to sloped bottom chord, this truss provides more headroom on first level. Provides cathedral ceiling.

Answer 25

Scissor Truss

Question 26

Provides extra first level headroom and flat ceiling in mid-section.

Answer 26

Cambered Truss

Question 27

Top chords are built with two different roof slopes, with a front slope usually steeper than back slope.

Answer 27

Dual Pitch Truss

Question 28

May be used to build overhangs, single sloped roofs or longer-span Common truss with center support.

Answer 28

Monopitch Truss

Question 29

Used mainly for its style to resemble a “barn look”. May also be built with storage attic.

Answer 29

Gambrel Truss

Question 30

Also know as Vault truss is used to provide a Vaulted ceiling.

Answer 30

Cathedral Truss

Question 31

Used to provide an extra headroom or a Vaulted ceiling in certain application.

Answer 31

Studio Truss (Studio Vault)

Question 32

Has a dual pitch top chord where the slope significantly increases from the heel to the peak.

Answer 32

Polynesian Truss

Question 33

Requires two bearing supports and is often used to build a Double Inverted Truss with Vaulted ceiling.

Answer 33

Inverted Truss

Question 34

Requires two bearing supports and is often used to build a Double Inverted Truss with Vaulted ceiling.

Answer 34

Inverted Truss

Question 35

Has two parallel chords and is used to build a floor or a roof.
*Bowstring Truss - Is used where curved roof surface is required and is built with short top chord segments.

Answer 35

Flat Truss

Question 36

Is used to provide storage space up in the attic. Bottom chord of the room floor is built with heavier timber and is designed as a floor joist to carry required live loads.

Answer 36

Attic Truss