Module 3: Role of Society in PA

Question 1

Determinants of Health

Answer 1

range of personal, social, economic, and environmental factors that influence health status (including how active we are)

Question 2

Five main social determinants of health

Answer 2

1. Access to quality health care
2. Access to quality education
3. Economic stability
4. Built environment (man-made spaces where we live and work)
5. Social environment

Question 3

Social determinants of health

Answer 3

conditions in the social and physical environments in which we are born, grow, live, learn, work, and age that affect a wide range of health, functioning, and quality of life outcomes

Question 4

2 categories of Social determinants

Answer 4

1. Risk factors (negative social determinants)
2. Protective factors (positive social determinants)

Question 5

Properties of Social Determinants

Answer 5

1. Can be negative or protective
2. Can exist at multiple levels
3. Can add up/be cumulative

Question 6

Social Determinants - Place

Answer 6

includes the material attributes/settings in which we live and conduct our lives

Question 7

Examples of Social Determinants - general

Answer 7

access to job opportunities, availability of community-based opportunities to be active, social support, social norms + attitudes, exposure to crime, access to mass media and emerging technologies

Question 8

Examples of Physical Determinants - general

Answer 8

natural environment, built environment, community design, physical barriers, worksite/school/community recreation settings

Question 9

Social Inequality

Answer 9

describes the unequal distribution of valued resources, rewards, and positions in a society

Question 10

Social Stratification

Answer 10

those in highest strata get the most resources and opportunities vs those in lowest strata get the least (unequal distribution)

Question 11

Dominant Ideology

Answer 11

a set of common values, beliefs, or ideas shared by most people in a given society, resulting in norms

Question 12

Equality of opportunity

Answer 12

In Canada, dominant ideology is that everyone has an equal opportunity to be successful (however, this does not exist in Canada – not everyone has an equal opportunity)

Question 13

Equality of condition

Answer 13

everyone in society has a similar level of wealth, status, and power (no social stratification)
- In Canadian society, this does not exist

Question 14

Inequalities of condition

Answer 14

individuals have differing levels of wealth, status, and power (unequal distribution, social stratification)

Question 15

Meritocracy

Answer 15

belief that everyone has the same chance of succeeding in life if they cultivate the required abilities and work hard enough
- success is not dependent on social determinants, but on individual merits
- ties to the societal belief rugged individualism

Question 16

Rugged individualism

Answer 16

individual qualities of hard work, self-reliance/personal independence are key for success (including being physically active)

Question 17

What happens if individuals are not active?

Answer 17

As a society, we victim blame. Unsuccessful attempts of change behaviour is due to the lack of willpower or some other failure on the part of the individual (own fault)

Question 18

Rugged individualism & meritocracy

Answer 18

Results of the both:

Question 19

Myth of meritocracy

Answer 19

it is solely the abilities and efforts of the individual to achieve success in life (including being active)