Module 3 - Racism & Discrimination Flashcards
Racism:
The process by which systems and policies, actions and attitudes create inequitable opportunities and outcomes for people based on race
Bias (3):
A preference for or again a person or group of people
Seeing people through negative lens
Conscious / Unconscious
Stereotypes:
Evaluation of a person/people according to preconceived ideas - may originate from experience
Eg. All dark allies are dangerous
Individual racism
Occurs during interactions between people
Eg bullying, racist names
Institutional racism
Occurs at the institution level
entrenched policies, practices and procedures that inform and direct the everyday operation of an organisation, business or enterprise
inevitable
Systemic racism
history, attitudes, ideology, culture or a country; and the interactions of laws and institutional policies
that combine to perpetuate inequity
What are the 4 processes / Characteristics of racism?
Categorisation
Stereotyping
Evaluation
Behaviour
Categorisation
(4 Characteristics of racism)
based on appearance or cultural traits
Stereotyping
(4 Characteristics of racism)
ascribing personal characteristics to a person’s genetic background
Evaluation
(4 Characteristics of racism)
stereotypes become universal
Eg all aboriginals …
Behaviour
(4 Characteristics of racism)
attitudes are reinforced and sanctioned
What is the impact of racism on health
Lead to poor mental health & physical health
How do you be an ally against racism? (7)
- Education
- Awareness (your own, others)
- Standing beside
- Take action (social situations, online, at work)
- Advocacy for individuals & communities
- Humility
- Priviledge
-Doing nothing encourages racsim
8 Principles for addressing racism:
Your safety
Acknowledge racism
Be aware and open to truth
Stand beside people
Take action
Report racism
Support the person
Advocate for those experiencing racism
Stereotyping:
A form of racism which ascribes personal characteristics to a person’s genetic background
Categorisation:
A form of racism which ascribes characteristic of racism based on appearance or cultural traits
Systemic Racism:
A type of racism that is prevalent across history, attitudes, ideology, culture or a country; and the interactions of laws and institutional polices that combine to perpetuate inequity
Institutional Racism:
The type of racism that involves entrenched policies, practices and procedures that inform and direct the everyday operation of an organisation, business or enterprise. Seen as inevitabl
Individual Racism:
The type of racism that occurs during interactions between people “and can include, making negative comments about a particular ethnic group in person or online, calling others racist names, and bullying, hassling or intimidating others
Professional obligations to racism - Codes of Conduct -> Ethical Principles (4)
Patient autonomy
Beneficence (acting the patient’s best interest)
Non-maleficence (doing no harm
Justice
7 Strategies for encouraging conversations about racism
1) Clarify what was meant – sometimes what was said is not what was meant
2) Speak to someone privately: “What you said before has been on my mind and I’d like to speak with you about it”
3) Open a discussion on stereotypes: “Hang on, that hasn’t been my experience”
4) Encourage empathy: “If this was happening to you, what would you do?” or “I’m going to challenge your perceptions with a story I heard from….”
5) Be careful to avoid aggression – no lecturing. If you’re upset try: “When you say……I feel…….”. Bring it back to a personal level.
6) Listen to the other person’s perspective – people respond well when they feel understood
7) Be careful online – will a response inflame the situation? You could respond with a link that explains flaws in their argument Or you could block the person. Report very offensive material.
Privilege (3)
Experiencing unearned advantages or entitlements because you are part of the dominant culture
Often the advantages or entitlements aren’t recognised by that group
Privilege ≠ racism
Reconciliation:
Frames response to historical injustices
Transcends politics
Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander rights are respected and championed
“Reconciliation concerns both Indigenous and non- Indigenous Australians - we are bound to each other’s fate. In order to achieve reconciliation we must heal together - reconciliation is everyone’s responsibility.”
5 Steps to reconciliation
1) Acceptance of shared history – truth telling
2) Respect for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander culture and identity
3) Recognition that that past informs the present
4) Identify changes needed in society
5) Living together in harmony
5 domains of reconciliation
1) Race relations
2) Equality & Equity
3) Institutional Integrity
4) Unity
5) Historical Acceptance
- Race relations:
(5 domains of reconciliation)
All Australians understand
and value Aboriginal and
Torres Strait Islander
peoples, cultures, rights
and experiences.
- Equality and Equity:
(5 domains of reconciliation)
Aboriginal and Torres Strait
Islander peoples participate
equally in a range of life
opportunities and the unique
rights of Aboriginal and
Torres Strait Islander peoples
are recognised and upheld.
- Institutional Integrity:
(5 domains of reconciliation)
The active support of
reconciliation by the nation’s
political, business and
community structures.
- Unity:
(5 domains of reconciliation)
An Australian society that values
and recognises Aboriginal and
Torres Strait
Islander cultures and heritage as a
proud part of a shared national
identity.
- Historical Acceptance:
(5 domains of reconciliation)
All Australians understand and
accept the wrongs of the past
and their impact on Aboriginal
and Torres Strait Islander
peoples. Australia makes amends
for past policies and practices
ensures these wrongs are never
repeated.
reconciliation action plans in organisations (4)
Types of reconciliation action plans in organisations:
1) Reflect: scoping reconciliation
2) Innovate: implementing reconciliation
3) Stretch: embedding reconciliation
4) Elevate: leadership in reconciliation
Constitution:
A constitution is a set of rules and principles that guide how a nation
(or state or organisation) works.
A constitution determines the powers and duties of the government
and outlines the rights and duties of the people.
Treaty:
A legally binding agreement between two or more states or sovereign powers that is usually reached after a period of negotiation.
Uluru Statement from the Heart:
1) First Nations voice
2) makarrata commission
Makarrata commission
- supervise agreement-making between governments and First Nations and truth-telling
Voice Referendum:
-2023, did not pass
“A Proposed Law: to alter the Constitution to recognise the First Peoples of Australia by establishing an Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Voice.”
