1-5 Qs Flashcards
Define Cultures
- values, principles, knowledge, customs, attributes and practices
- shared and learnt within a specific group
- identifies it from other groups
Who determines success of cultural safety?
person receiving care
3 steps to cultural safety
- Cultural awareness - understand your own culture
- Cultural sensitivity - be sensitive to other people’s culture
- Cultural safety - person receiving care feels their cultural beliefs are respected
Purpose of Kindship
determines how people relate to each other
Indigenous knowings
- aboriginal knowledge
- draws on concept of country, storying, relatedness, belonging, time and space
storying
- oral traditions and way of learning and sharing
- can be sung, or drawn
Yarning circle
- gathering and sharing & learning
- traditional method of communicating
- can be no lanuage at all
Welcome to country
- performed by traditional custodians of the land
- hosts welcome visitors offering safe passage
Acknowledgement of country
- performed by visitors
- opportunity to show respect
Approrpiate terminology for colonisation
- colonisation, invasion, occupation, massacre
Inappropriate terminology for colonisation
- discovered, settlement, skirmish, enounter, killing
What is policy? (4)
- statement of government intent
- reasons for actions
- identify actions to achieve goals
- can lead to development of new laws
8 eras of australian policy:
- british proclamation
- protection & segregation era
- White Australia policy
- Assimilation era
- Integration Era
- Self determination Era
- Reconciliation
British Proclamation era (1)
Australia colonised by British
protection era (6)
- Aboriginal moved to reserves for their own protection
- curfews
- food handouts
- languages not allowed
- massacres continued
- Native Police set up
Segregation era (5)
- missions & reserves for Aboriginals to live
- aboriginal children not allowed in schools
- curfews
- no access to social benefits
- not allowed to drink, vote or live with non-aboriginal
White Australia Policy (3)
- immigration restriction act
- stop non-europeans entering australia
- prevented Aboriginal solders from coming back from war
Assimilation Era (3)
- stolen generation
- everyone assumes white values
- assmilation policy
Integration Era (1)
- immigrants and aboriginals encouraged to take on language and mannerisms of the dominant culture
Self Determination Era (1)
- empowering aboriginals to make their own choices
Reconciliation (1)
- Australians and ATSI are bound in fate and must heal together
Racism definition
- systems & policies, actions & attitudes
- create inequitable opportunites & outcomes
- for people based on race
Bias (3)
- preference for or against a person / group
- seeing people through negative lense
- conscious / unconscious
Stereotypes (2)
- ascribing personal characteristics -> persons’s genetic background
- evaluation of a person from preconceived ideas
Individual Racism
- occurs at the individual level (name calling)
Institutional Racism
- occurs at the institutionn level
- policies and practices that direct organisation operations
- invisible
Systemic Racim
- history, attitudes, ideology, culture or a country
- interactions of laws and institutional policies
- combine to perpetuate inequity
Characteristics of Racism (4)
- categorisation - ascribes characteristics based on appearance or cultural traits
- stereotyping - ascribing personal characteristics to person’s genetic background
- evaluation - stereotypes become universal
- behaviour - attitudes are reinforced and sanctioned
Impacts of racism
- poorer mental health
8 Steps for responding to racism
- consider your safety
- acknowledge racism
- be aware and open to truth
- stand beside people
- take action again racism
- report racism
- support
- advocate for thos experiencing racism
Strategies for coversations about racism (7)
- clarify what was meant
- speak privately
- discussion about stereotypes
- empathy
- avoid aggression
- listen
- be careful online
Priviledge (3)
- experience advantages because you are from the dominant culture
- advantanges are not recognised by that group
- does not equal to racism
Reconciliation (3)
- strengthening relationships between non-indigenous and indigenous peoples
- for the benefit of all australians
- bound to each other’s fate and therefore we must heal together
Steps to reconciliation (5)
ARRIL
1. Acceptance of history - truth telling
2. Respect for Aboriginal Culture
3. Recognition - past informs present
4. Identify changes needed
5. Live together in harmony
5 domains of reconciliation
REIHU
R: Race Relations - value aboriginal people, culture, rights & experiences
E: Equality & Equity - ATSI participate equally in life opportunities
I: Institutional Integrity - Political structures, instituttions & community support reconciliaton
H: Historical Acceptance - accept the wrongs of the past and make amends and ensure it won’t happen again
U: Unity: Value Aboriginal culture & heritage as part of shared national identity
4 types of reconciliation action plans
RISE
- Reflect - scoping reconciliation
- Innovate - implementing reconciliation
- Stretch - embedding reconciliation
- Elevate - leadership in reconciliation
Constitution (3)
- set of rules & principles that guide how a nation works
- determines powers and duties of the government
- rights & duties of the people
Treaty
- legal binding agreement between 2 or more states
- rights
- obligations
- representations
- participation in decison making
Uluru statement of the heart request
- first nations voice
- makarrata commissionn to oversea agreement making process between goverment & Indigenous Australians
Socioeconomic status is determined by? (3)
- Education
- Employment
- Income
How is socioeconomic status classified?
- low, middle, upper class
Socioeconomic status a statistical measure of ___
relative inequality
social gratient of health
High SES = better health
low SES = poorer health
Equality
sameness of distribution and receiving of goods, services or treatment
Equity
- recognise different needs of people and providing what they need to live healthy and fulfilling lives
4 health implications of stolen generation & colonisation
- poor mental health
- poor physical health
- removal of children
- increased interaction with justic system
Social determinants of health (3)
- conditions in which people are born, grow, live, work, age
- wider set of forces and systems that shape the conditions of daily life (inc health system)
- forces & systems include economic policies, social norms, social policies & political systems
Social determinants by WHO (10)
- income
- education
- unemployment
- working conditons
- food insecurity
- housing
- early childhood development
- social inclusion & non-discrimination
- structural conflict (wars)
- access to affordable health care
Social Determinants of ATSI - Distal determinants
- historical, political and social determinants
eg. laws, cultural values, climate, political forces, conflict, media
Social Determinants of ATSI - Intermediate Determinants
- social determinants inthe community and infrastrastructure
- schools, communities, workpaces, immediate social environments
Social Determinants of ATSI - Proximal Determinants
- social determinants on the individual level
- personal biology, behaviours, capabilities or attitudes
Globalisation definition
- cross border movement of people, goods, ideas, disease and culture
- connections of people & organisations that transcend territorial boundaries into international space
Positive health consequences of globalisation (6)
- human rights
- WHO health imperatives
- better standards of living
- better health outcomes
- information sharing technology
- innovation in health care
Negative health consequences of globalisation (7)
- capitalism (small group of people own 80pc of wealth)
- Indigenous people - rapid urbanisation -> increase demand of natural resources on indigenous land
- private ownership of knowledge
- migration of health professionals
- enviroment degradation
- climate change
- conflict
Effect of globalisation on culture - homogenisation
- everyone has the same culture (uses the same phone)
Effect of globalisation on culture - heteroginisation
people maintain their separate culture -> causes conflict
Strengths based approach involves
- partnership with community and make the most of each person’s community regarding their health
Result of strengths based approach (5)
- self worth
- empowerment
- respect
- greater efficiency of resources
- reduce negative stereotypes
strength based approach - how it’s done (8)
- bottom up approach - ask the commmunity
- identify issues
- understand your own strengths
- identify strengths and resources of the person and community
- imaging better future
- identify resources needed
- community decides how to proceed
- action plan
Indigenous community strengths (4)
- community events
- committment to community
- connection to Country
- Resilience
7 Principles of Strength Based Approach
- own strengths and growth areas
- self awareness
- awareness of power differential
- power of language deficit discourse
- Recognition of strengths
- Issues in community
- ethical and legal requirements
Strengths based perspective (5)
- importance ATSI culture t -> positive health outcomes
- change narrative & challenge stereotypes
- shift discussions from despair -> hope
- encourage open & collaborative work between non-Indigenous & Indigenous
- clear pathways with positive expectations
Deficit Discourse
- discourse (language)
- mode of thinking that frames Indigenous Australians as absence, lack, failutre
- victim blaming
Effects of Deficit Discourse
- mistrust in healthcare system
- influences policy
- influcences public
Deadly Ears Program is an example of Strengths based approach or deficit discourse?
Strengths based approach
