Module 3: Prokaryotes vs Eukaryotes Flashcards
1
Q
PROKARYOTES
A
- no nucleus
- does not have a nuclear membrane or membrane-bound organelles
- simpler & smaller
2
Q
EUKARYOTES
A
- has a nucleus
- has a membrane-bound nucleus - houses DNA
3
Q
PROKARYOTIC CELL
A
- divided into 2 main groups
- domain bacteria
- domain archaea - archaebacteria - can live in extreme environments - extremophiles
4
Q
STRUCTURES OF PROKARYOTIC CELLS
A
- cell membrane
- mesosomis
- cell wall
- cytoplasm
- glycocalyx
- nucleoid
- sex pilus
- flagellum
- fimbriae
- inclusion body
- ribosome
- endospore
5
Q
MESOSOMIS
A
- attachment of enzymes that carry on metabolic activites
6
Q
GLYCOCALYX
A
- receptor and protection to the cell
- layer of polysacchrides lying outside the cell wall
7
Q
NUCLEOID
A
- contains extra chromosomal plasmids
- DNA is located - coiled in a single chromosome
8
Q
SEX PILUS
A
- used by bacteria to pass DNA
9
Q
FIMBRIAE
A
- helps attachment of bacteria to the surface
- small bristle-like fibers that sprout from the cell surface
10
Q
ENDOSPORE
A
- helps cells survive during harsh conditions
11
Q
EUKARYOTIC CELL
A
- does not have endospore
- has different organelles
- single-celled, colonial, or multicellular
- plants, animals, protists, and fungi
12
Q
STRUCTURES OF EUKARYOTIC CELL
A
- nucleus
- cytoplasm
- mitchondrion
- chloroplast
- golgi apparatus
- lysosome
- endoplsmic reticulum
- cilia & flagella
-cell / plasma membrane - ribosome
- cytoskeleton
13
Q
CYTOSKELETON
A
- maintains shape & framework
- assists movements of organelles
- composed of actin filaments, intermediate filaments, & microtubules
14
Q
ACTIN FILAMENTS
A
- protein fibers
- movement of cell & organelles
15
Q
INTERMEDIATE FILAMENTS
A
- protein fibers
- support & strength
