Module 3 Key Words Flashcards
Exchange surface
Specialised area adapted to make it easier for molecules to cross from one side of the surface to another
Gaseous exchange
The movement of gases by diffusion between an organism and its environment across a barrier, e.g. The alveoli
Tissue
A group of similar, specialised cells working together to perform a common function
Tidal volume
Volume of air moved in and out of the lungs with each breath at rest
Vital capacity
Largest volume of air that can be moved in and out the lungs in one breath
Residual volume
-volume of air that always remains in the lungs even after the biggest possible exhale
Inspiratory reserve volume
-the volume of air that can be breathed in above the normal tidal volume
Expiratiry reserve volume
The volume of air that can be breathed out above the normal tidal volume
Transport
The movement of oxygen, nutrients, hormones, waste and heat around the body
Open circulatory
Blood not always in vessels
Closed circulatory
-blood always remains in vessels
Single circulatory
Blood passes through the heart once for one circuit of the body. Contains a pulmonary and systemic circuit
Double circulatory
Blood flows twice through heart for one circuit of the body. Contains a pulmonary and systemic circuit
Cardiac cycle
The sequence of events in one heartbeat
Myogenic
Muscle tissue that generates its own contraction
Fibrillation
-the chambers of the heart contracting out of rhythm
Endothelium
A tissue that lines the inside of a structure e.g a blood vessel
Partial pressure
The amount of pressure exerted by a gas relative to the total pressure exerted by all gases in the mixture
Dissociation
The breakdown of a molecule into 2 molecules ( e.g. Oxyhaemoglobin into oxygen and haemoglobin )
Bohr effect
Change in shape of the oxyhaemoglobin dissociation curve when carbon dioxide is present, carbon dioxide causes oxyhaemoglobin to dissociate more readily
Transpiration
The loss of water by evaporation out of a leaf via the stomata
Xerophyte
A plant that is adapted to reduce water loss by transpiration to survive in very dry conditions
Translocation
The transport of assimilates between the sources and sinks of a plant in the phloem tissue, this requires energy
Source
Where sucrose and other assimilates are loaded into the phloem e.g leaf
Sink
Where sucrose and other assimilates are unloaded from the phloem e.g flower
Assimilates
Carbon containing compounds produced by a plant using the carbon from carbon dioxide
