Module 3 - Key Definitions Flashcards
Archimedes’ Principle:
The upwards force acting on an object submerged is equal to the weight of the fluid displaced by the object.
Couple (forces):
Two equal and opposite parallel forces that act on an object through different lines of action. Results in a rotation.
Drag:
The frictional force acting on an object moving through a fluid.
Newton’s Second Law:
The sum of the forces acting on an object is equal to the rate of change of momentum of the object, or the sum of the forces acting on an object is equal to the product of its mass and its acceleration.
Principle of Moments:
For an object to be in equilibrium, the sum of the clockwise moments about a point must be equal to the sum of the anticlockwise moments about that point.
Brittle:
Requires very little strain before reaching its breaking stress.
Ductile:
How well a material can undergo large extensions without failure.
Polymeric:
A material made entirely of polymers.
Spring Constant:
The constant of proportionality for the extension of a spring under a force.
Strain:
The ratio of a material’s extension compared to its original length. Dimensionless.
Stress:
The amount of force acting per unit area. Measured in Pascals.
Ultimate Tensile Strength (UTS):
The maximum stress an object can withstand before fracturing.
Ultimate Tensile Strength (UTS)
The maximum stress an object can withstand before fracturing.
Impulse:
The change in momentum of an object being acted upon by a force. Impulse = force * time.
Newton’s First Law
An object will remain in its current state of motion unless acted upon by an resultant force.
