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A Level Physics > Module 3: Chapter 5 - Work, Energy, and Power > Flashcards

Module 3: Chapter 5 - Work, Energy, and Power Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the equation for mechanical power?

A

P=FV
Power = Force x Velocity

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2
Q

How is P=FV derived?

A

P = W/t
P = Fd/t
P = F(d/t)
P=FV

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3
Q

What are the 10 energy stores?

A
  • Thermal
  • Kinetic
  • Nuclear
  • Elastic Potential
  • Gravitational Potential
  • Chemical Potential
  • Magnetic
  • Electrostatic
  • Radiant
  • Sound
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4
Q

What are the 4 Energy transfer pathways?

A
  • Heating
  • Radiation (light, nuclear, sound)
  • Electrical Work
  • Mechanical Work
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5
Q

When is work done?

A

Work is done when a force acts on an object causing it to move

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6
Q

What is the equation for work done?

A

Work done = force x distance (in the direction that the force is applied)
W=Fs cosθ

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7
Q

What is energy?

A

Energy is the ability/capacity to do work

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8
Q

What is the work done by a force perpendicular to the direction of motion?

A

0 J

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9
Q

How do you calculate the work done when the force applied is at an angle to the direction of motion?

A

Resolve the force in the direction of motion and then use W=Fd

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10
Q

What is the equation for impulse?

A

Ft = m(v-u)

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11
Q

What does the area under a force distance graph represent?

A

The work done

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12
Q

Calculate the work done

A

40J

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13
Q

Is work done whenever a force is applied to an object?

A

No, Work is only done when the force applied causes the object to move

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14
Q

A force of 1x10^4 N acts vertically upwards on a lift, causing it to accelerate from rest, at 2ms^-2 for 5s. Calulate the power after 1s and the average power needed over the 5s

A

a) 2x10^4 W
b) 5x10^4 W

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15
Q

A car of weight 1.5x10^4 N drives up a slope at a steady speed of 12ms^-1. The car gains 1m of height for every 10m travelled in the horizontal direction. Calculat the power of the engine.

A

17911 W

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16
Q

A skeir of mass 60kg descends a slope at an angle of 30° to the horizontal. The skier passes a point P at 10ms^-1. At 100m further down the slope, at point Q, they are travelling at 20 ms^-1. Calculate the average resistive force acting on the skier between points P and Q

A

204.3N

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17
Q

Draw a graph for the kinetic energy and the gravitation potential energy of a bouncing ball

A
18
Q

What is the law of conservation of energy?

A

Within a closed system the total amount of energy is constant, energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transferred between one store and another

19
Q

What is energy efficiency?

A

A measure of how much useful energy you get out of an object from the total energy you put into it

20
Q

What is the equation for energy efficiency?

A

Efficiency = [(useful energy output) / (total energy input)] x 100

21
Q

What is a sankey diagram?

A

A diagram showing useful (going across) and wasted (going down) energy

22
Q

Calculated the wasted power in the form of heat

A

1560.2W

23
Q

What is the equation for electrical energy transferred?

A

E = ItV

24
Q

What happens to wasted energy?

A

It is dissipated to the surroundings in the form of heat/light/sound

25
Q

On a fair ground ride, the track descends by a vertical drop of 100m over a distance of 150m along a track. A train of mass 2500kg on the track reaches a speed of 40ms^-1 at the bottom of the descent, after beign at rest on the top. Calculate the resistive force it had to overcome

difficult question

A

2510N

26
Q

What is power?

A

The rate of transfer of energy
The rate of doing work

27
Q

What is motive power?

A

the output power of an engine

28
Q

What is the equation for power?

A

Power = work done / time

29
Q

What is the equation for kinetic energy?

A

Ek = 0.5mv²

30
Q

How is the equation for kinetic energy derived?

A
31
Q

What is the work energy principle?

A

If a constant force acts on an object over a certain distance, the work done by the force is equal to the gain in the kinetic energy of the object

32
Q

What is gravitational potential energy?

A

The energy of an object within a gravitation field by virtue of its position

33
Q

What is kinetic energy?

A

The energy a body with mass posses by virtue of its motion

34
Q

What is chemical energy?

A

Energy contained within the chemical bonds between atoms - it can be released through a chemical reaction

35
Q

What is elastic potential energy?

A

Energy stored in an object as a result of a reversible change in its shape

36
Q

What is electrostatic energy?

A

Energy of electrical charges due to their position in an electric field

37
Q

What is nuclear energy?

A

Energy within the nuclei of atoms - it can be released through nuclear reactions

38
Q

What is radiant energy?

A

Energy associated with all electromagnetic waves, stored within the oscillating electric and magnetic fields

39
Q

What is sound energy?

A

Energy of a mechanical wave due to the movement of atoms

40
Q

What is thermal energy?

A

The sum of the random potential and kinetic energies of atoms in a system

41
Q

What is the equation for kinetic energy in terms of momentum?

A

Ek = p² / 2m

Kinetic energy = momentum² / 2(mass)

A Level Physics (29 decks)

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