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A-Level Physics OCR > Module 3 Chapter 1 Motion > Flashcards

Module 3 Chapter 1 Motion Flashcards

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1
Q

In the suvat equations, what does s denote?

A

Displacement (m)

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2
Q

In the suvat equations, what does u denote?

A

Initial Velocity (m s-1)

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3
Q

In the suvat equations, what does v denote?

A

Final Velocity (m s-1)

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4
Q

In the suvat equations, what does a denote?

A

Acceleration (m s-2)

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5
Q

In the suvat equations, what does t denote?

A

Time (s)

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6
Q

What equation would you use to find final velocity given initial velocity, acceleration and time?

A

v = u + a*t

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7
Q

What equation would you use to find final velocity given initial velocity, acceleration and displacement?

A

v^2 = u^2 + 2as

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8
Q

What equation would you use to find displacement given initial velocity, final velocity and time?

A

s = 1/2(u + v)t

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9
Q

What equation would you use to find displacement given initial velocity, acceleration and time?

A

s = ut + 1/2a*t^2

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10
Q

Rearrange v = u + a*t for u

A

u = v - a*t

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11
Q

Rearrange v = u + a*t for a

A

a = (v - u)/t

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12
Q

Rearrange v = u + a*t for t

A

t = (v - u)/a

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13
Q

Rearrange v^2 = u^2 + 2as for u^2

A

u^2 = v^2 - 2as

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14
Q

Rearrange v^2 = u^2 + 2as for a

A

a = (v^2 - u^2)/(2*s)

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15
Q

Rearrange v^2 = u^2 + 2as for s

A

s = (v^2 - u^2)/(2*a)

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16
Q

Rearrange s = 1/2(u + v)t for u

A

u = (s/t)*2 - v

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17
Q

Rearrange s = 1/2(u + v)t for v

A

v = (s/t)*2 - u

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18
Q

Rearrange s = 1/2(u + v)t for t

A

t = (2*s)/(u + v)

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19
Q

Rearrange s = ut + 1/2a*t^2 for u

A

u = (s - 1/2at^2)/t

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20
Q

Rearrange s = ut + 1/2a*t^2 for a

A

a = 2(s - ut)/t^2

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21
Q

Rearrange s = ut + 1/2a*t^2 for t

A

t = ((2as + u^2)^(1/2) - u)/a

22
Q

What is kinematics?

A

The study of the motion of objects and their spacial relationships, without any reference to either their mass or the forces that cause them to change direction or speed.

23
Q

What are the key quantities used in kinematics?

A
  • Speed
  • Displacement
  • Velocity
  • Acceleration
24
Q

Define speed.

A

Distance per unit time.

25
Q

What are the units for speed?

A

m s-1 or km h-1

26
Q

Define displacement.

A

Distance moved in a particular direction from a reference point.

27
Q

What are the units for displacement?

A

m or km

28
Q

Define velocity.

A

Displacement per unit time.

29
Q

What are the units for velocity?

A

m s-1 or km h-1

30
Q

Define acceleration.

A

Change in velocity per unit time.

31
Q

What are the units for acceleration?

A

m s-2

32
Q

Why do objects of different masses fall at the same rate?

A

Because while a larger mass means a greater force is acting on the object (F = m*a), acceleration is reduced by the increase in mass (a = F/m). These changes are equal in magnitude and therefore cancel each other out.

33
Q

Why do feathers fall slower than bricks?

A

Because they have a much larger surface area to mass ratio and so air-resistance has a much greater impact, giving the feather a much lower terminal velocity. In a vacuum, they would fall at the same rate.

34
Q

In F = m*g, what does g denote?

A

Gravitational field strength, or acceleration due to gravity, 9.81 m s-1 on Earth.

35
Q

What is the acceleration of an object that has been thrown vertically upwards?

A

-g or -9.81 m s-1
(on Earth)
This is because once the object has been released, there is no force acting upwards on it, just the force of gravity which counteracts the object’s initial velocity, from being thrown upwards, at the rate of 9.81 m s-1.

36
Q

If you threw a ball vertically upwards in a vacuum with an initial velocity of 37.8 m s-1, what would the velocity of the ball be the instant before it stopped, assuming you catch it at exactly the same height you released it from?

A

37.8 m s-1
because it travels the same distance down as it does up, accelerating at the same rate on its way down as it decelerated on the way up.

37
Q

What effect does vertical motion have on horizontal motion?

A

None. They are independent.

38
Q

What effect does horizontal motion have on vertical motion?

A

None. They are independent.

39
Q

What shape does the path of an object shot from the ground at a 45 degree angle in a vacuum form?

A

A symmetrical arc.

40
Q

In the absence of air resistance, at what rate does a projectiles horizontal velocity decrease?

A

0 m s-1

41
Q

What is the stopping distance of a vehicle?

A

The distance traveled by a vehicle between the driver seeing an obstacle and the vehicle coming to a complete stop.

stopping distance = thinking distance + braking distance

42
Q

What is thinking distance?

A

The distance a vehicle travels between the driver seeing the hazard and applying the brakes.

43
Q

What is braking distance?

A

The distance the vehicle travels between the driver applying the brakes and coming to a rest.

44
Q

List five factors that increase thinking distance.

A
  • Higher speed
  • Tiredness
  • Alcohol and drugs (not all drugs)
  • Distractions
  • Age of the driver
45
Q

List five factors that increase braking distance.

A
  • Higher speed
  • Poor road conditions
  • Poorly maintained brakes
  • Poorly maintained tyres
  • The mass of the vehicle
46
Q

If speed doubles, how is thinking distance affected?

A

It doubles.

47
Q

If speed doubles, how is braking distance affected?

A

It quadruples.

48
Q

If speed triples, how is thinking distance affected?

A

It triples.

49
Q

If speed triples, how is braking distance affected?

A

It increases nine-fold.

50
Q

What is the relationship between speed and thinking distance?

A

speed ∝ thinking distance

51
Q

What is the relationship between speed and braking distance?

A

speed ∝ braking distance

A-Level Physics OCR (15 decks)

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