Module 3

Question 1

Class 1

Answer 1

general hospitals

Question 2

class 2

Answer 2

specialty hospitals offering general medical services limited by age/ gender i.e peds or women’s center

Question 3

class 3

Answer 3

specialty hospitals offering a restricted range of services i.e oncology/cancer, cardiovascular heart centers–does include psych but mainly in class 4

Question 4

class 4

Answer 4

specialty hospitals restricted to offering intensive residential treatment i.e psych

Question 5

ownerships types of hospitals

Answer 5

federal gov’t funded – VA
non-federal gov’t
-private..usually investor-owned, for-profit where
part of the money goes back to the investors and
part goes back to the hospital
-community..usually not-for-profit, the money made
goes back into the institution

Question 6

critical access hospitals

Answer 6

designated by CMS

• less than 25 beds
• located at least 35 mi from another hospital
• make up 72% of all rural hospitals

Question 7

safety net hospitals

Answer 7

based on proportion of charity cases being produced

-can be both urban and rural hospitals (don’t account for distance )

Question 8

urban hospitals

Answer 8

often larger hospital–higher bed count

• make up majority fo community hospitals
• serve densely populated areas
• usually competing with others close-by
• could be small or big

Question 9

rural

Answer 9

smaller hospitals–lower bed count (usually 100 beds of less)

• 72% of all hospitals –critical access center
• smaller budgets
• usually serve medicaid/medicare/uninsured/underinsured

Question 10

acute care

Answer 10

(high majority)

• short term care for illness, injury, or surgery
• average length of stay <30 days

Question 11

long term care

Answer 11

• care typically for chronic illness, rehabilitation, or psychiatric care
• average length of stay >30 days
• most facilities will lose money if they put someone in LTC facility but they dont stay >30 days

Question 12

general hospitals- general medicine and surgical services

Answer 12

class 1

Question 13

specialty hospitals i.e mental health, cancer, cardiology

Answer 13

class 3(cancer, cardiology) and 4(mental health)

Question 14

population based i.e pediatrics and VA

Answer 14

class 2(peds) and class 3 (VA)

Question 15

academic (teaching) hospital

Answer 15

training site for physicians, needs to be associated with a medical school, usually not-for-profit institutions

Question 16

community hosp v non-community hosp

Answer 16

community: nonfederal, short-term general and specialty hosp available to the public
non-community: not open to the public i.e VA

Question 17

System

Answer 17

multiple facilities administered from a central office, systems can be 1 hosp or several specialty facilities or several hosp related in a sattelite type fashion

Question 18

network

Answer 18

• groups of healthcare facilities,physicians,insurers, agencies that coordinate services
• have the same mission, vision and usually a PBM type insurance approach to care of patients (can still have satellites)
• members of a network are adminstered independently but they collab with eachother and the commuity benefits
• a system can be a member of a network

Question 19

independent

Answer 19

independents are their own thing but can be affiliated with a network (wont be part of a system)

Question 20

phamacist role in ED

Answer 20

personnel could be providing info on meds/pain management or could be more outpatient function where were taking med Hx and entering pts in with a good understanding of what they were taking

Question 21

pharmacist role in nuclear specialty

Answer 21

theyre usually compounding injectable agents to help the image be more clear or highlight particular areas (or oral agents )

Question 22

pharmacist role in surgery or OR

Answer 22

manage medications–often cretae trays specific for a provider and procedure, can be here to deal with pre/post treatment and manage pain ans anesthesiology

Question 23

hospital pharmacy

Answer 23

• could be inpatient/outpatient

- could specialize in one or more different areas of pharmacotherapy

Question 24

centralized model

Answer 24

traditional way oharmacies handle medication distribution
-pharmacy receives order from a practitioner in central pharmcy –> a pharmacist processes the order and verifies from central pharmacy –>pharmacy tech fills the order –> delivered to nursing unit by pharmacy tech –> nurse administers to patient

Question 25

decentralized model

Answer 25

-dependence on automated dispensing cabinets as a primary method for medication distribution
-practitioner orders are still processed by the pharmacy
-medications have been moved closer to the patient
-nurses more convenient access (and timely)
-freeing up pharmacists time and building clinical
services
-growing, may take over centralized model

Question 26

hybrid model

Answer 26

blend of both
-pharmacy receives an order –> a pharmacist processes he order and verifies from any location –> opt1. pharmacy tech fills the order and delivers to the unit opt2. medication released in automatic dispensing devise on unit –> nurse administers to patient

Question 27

clinical pharmacist

Answer 27

-devise policies
-monitor ADR
-medication selection – P&T formulary
-optimizing of dosing
interaction with disciplines across the health system –including patients

Question 28

buyer in selection and procurement

Answer 28

pharmacist or technician

• responsible for purchasing all pharmacy products within the hospital
• usually work with operational drug manager to leverage pricing
• establishes stock levels (sets minimums and maximums in automatic machine to meet the need)
• evaluate inventory turns(dont want full yr supply sitting on shelf)
• contract compliance( optimizes prices based on agreed upon pricing)
• oversees annual inventory

Question 29

group purchasing organization

Answer 29

• negotiate drug pricing with pharmaceutical manufacturers and wholesalers to benefit its members
• groups like networks and systems have more purchasing power i.e if purchasing for 17 hospitals, likely to get discounts

Question 30

Pharmacy and Therapeutic Committee

Answer 30

• selection
• serves in a advisory capacity to the medical staff on all matters pertaining to medications
• important to have diverse membership i.e pharmacists, doc, nurses, admins, whoever will be relevant to discussion, QI managers

Question 31

inpatient prospective payment system

Answer 31

• bundled services unit basis

- provides payment for all non-physician services

Question 32

process meseaures

Answer 32

• measure the success of completing an action
• how healthcare is provided
• anticipated impact on specific outcome

Question 33

outocome measures

Answer 33

• measure the result of a specific outcome
• health status
• impacted several processes