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Module 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Learn Canadian C spine rules on cervical radiography lecture

A
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2
Q

What are the standard views for the cervical spine?

A

Lateral view (initial view)

AP view

Oblique view

Odontoid view (mouth open)

Swimmers view (C7-T1)

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3
Q

What type of fracture could be viewed in an AP C spine projection?

A

C3-C7 vertebral bodies

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4
Q

What space can be identified in the AP C spine projection?

A

Intervertebral spaces

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5
Q

What type of joint abnormalities can be seen on the AP C spine projection?

A

Uncovertebral joint abnormalities

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6
Q

What vertebrae is a Jefferson’s fracture associated with in a lateral C spine projection?

A

Burst fracture of C1

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7
Q

What vertebrae is an odontoid fracture associated with in a lateral C spine projection?

A

Odontoid process of C2

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8
Q

What vertebrae is a hangman’s fracture associated with in a lateral C spine projection?

A

Posterior aspects of C2

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9
Q

What vertebrae is a Clay-Shovelers fracture associated with in a lateral C spine projection?

A

Spinous processes of C6, C7, T1, and T2

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10
Q

What vertebrae is a tear drop fracture associated with in a lateral C spine projection?

A

Avulsion of anterior vertebral body with posterior subluxation (C4-C7)

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11
Q

What are the most important structures that are viewed in an oblique C spine projection?

A

Intervertebral foramina and apohphyseal joint

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12
Q

What specific region of the cervical spine is an open mouth projection used for?

A

Atlas and axis (dens)

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13
Q

What conditions can be demonstrated through an open mouth projection?

A

Lateral masses of C1

Odontoid process

Vertebral body of C2

Jefferson fracture

Atlantoaxial joint abnormalities

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14
Q

What specific region is a swimmers view used for?

A

C7-T2 between the shoulders

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15
Q

What conditions can be demonstrated with a swimmers view?

A

Fractures of C7, T1, and T2

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16
Q

What is normal to be seen in AP and lateral projections of the C spine?

A

Everything should be in alignment

All 7 vertebrae plus C7-T1 joint space should be seen

Shape of the vertebral body and disk space

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17
Q

What is the chamberlain line?

A

Line between the posterior margin of the hard palate and the posterior aspect of the foramen magnum

18
Q

What view is used to see chamberlains line on a radiograph?

19
Q

What is McGregor line?

A

Line from posterosuperior margin of the hard palate to the most inferior surface of occipital bone

20
Q

What view is used to see McGregor line?

21
Q

What is the anterior atlantodental interval?

A

Measures the distance between the posterior margin of the anterior tubercle and the anterior surface of the dens

22
Q

How is the anterior atlantodental interval viewed on a radiograph?

23
Q

What is the George line?

A

A smooth curve of the posterior vertebral bodies

24
Q

What view is George line in a radiograph?

25
What view would a whiplash injury be most apparent on a radiograph?
Lateral
26
What are the most common views to see the thoracic spine on a radiograph?
AP, lateral, and swimmers view
27
What does the AP view allow you to see at the T spine?
Thoracic vertebral bodies Intervertebral disc spaces Transverse processes Costovertebral joints
28
What can you see on the T spine with a lateral view radiograph?
Thoracic vertebral bodies and interspaces Intervertebral foramina Spinous processes
29
What are the abnormalities that can be seen in the T spine using an AP view?
Fractures, dislocations, and IVD space abnormalities
30
What are the abnormalities that you can see in the T spine using a lateral view?
Fractures, dislocations, and IVD space abnormalities, IV foramina abnormalities, and Schmorl nodes
31
What color would the intervertebral disk appear on T1?
Dark grey
32
What color would the spinal cord appear on T1?
Gray
33
What color would the vertebrae appear on T1?
White
34
What color would the CSF appear on T1?
Black
35
What is a disc focal protrusion?
When the protrusion is smaller than the disc
36
What is a disc focal extrusion?
When the protrusion is larger than the disc
37
What is a disc focal sequestration?
When there is a complete separation of the protrusion from the disc
38
Fatty infiltration of intrinsic neck musculature is associated with what health condition?
Neck pain in whiplash disorders
39
What is the cluster to rule in cervical myelopathy?
Gait deviation Hoffmans Inverted supinator sign Babinski Age > 45
40
How many must be positive on the cervical myelopathy cluster to rule it in?
3 out of 5

Advanced Diagnostics (3 decks)

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