Module 3 Flashcards
Are essential for maintaining the productivity of the sow breeding herd
Replacement gilts
Loss of sows from the breeding herd will result in what?
Failure to breed
Failure to become pregnant
Poor productivity
And structural problems with feet and legs
Producers must plan for current herd specific replacement rates that may average at what percent?
50%
Are raise on the farm they can be selected any time after weaning up to the time of market weight.
Replacement gilts
Market weight of replacement gilts
250 lbs or 160 days of age
The gilts selected should be:
be structurally sound with respect to Feet and legs
have more than 12 well formed and evenly space nipples
have a normal vulva structure
will influence how many to choose
Age at which gilts are selected
At early age the correct number of gilts may involve selecting how many percent?
40% more females than needed
Percent failure of all gilts to meet growth, health and structural expectations as they age and mature
10%
Percent of gilts that will fail to cycle within the expected window of age
30%
It is also important to compensate for this percent of gilts that will fall to cycle within the expected window of age
30%
Gilts are assumed to cycle randomly and if mature 25% will cycle within what day?
5 days in a normal 20 days estrous cycle
If a producers needs 5 replacement gilts to breed within 5 days, the pool will need a minimum of how many matures gilts?
20 matured gilts
Should allow animal access to feed and water as they choose.
Adequate water spaces and
Adequate feed spaces
Adequate water spaces and
Adequate feed spaces should allow animal access to feed and water as they choose.
These recommendations can be found where?
Factsheets for swine diets
Optimal temperature of Gilts at 140-180 days of age
68 degree Fahrenheit
Lighting recommendations for gilts
Standard lighting for 8-10 hrs a day
The most critical element for gilts as crowding can be detrimental to puberty and growth rate
Floor space
Is the critical event in the life of a replacement gilt. This event mark the gilts as fertile and sets up future breding
Puberty
The procedure that aid in induction of puberty in gilts.
Some remixing stress with other new females
Some relocation or transportation event
Start of exposure to a mature boar
This process has typically induced anywhere from 20-40% of females within a 10-20 day period
Induction
It is common to begin induction using what?
Once daily fenceline
Once daily physical exposure to a mature boar
Induction start at what days of age ?
160-180 days of age
Exposure of boar to gilts allow for how many minutes?
30 minutes each day
In higher level of boar exposure Boar is moved into a gilt pen for many minutes?
15-30 minutes
This kind of boar are allowed to move freely through the pen
Vasectomized boar
This boar must be controlled to prevent breeding of estrus gilt.
Intact boar
Is beneficial as it allows for more chances to identify fertile and non-fertile females
Early puberty induction
Will be marked and perhaps allowed to cycle at least once more before breeding
Fertile females
will be identified as early as possible to minimize any further feed costs and loss of market value from
non-fertile gilts
Estrous cycle of sow
18-24 days or an average of 21 days
Called the estrus or heat period lasts from 2 to 5 days
Period of sexual receptivity
Sign of period of sexual receptivity
Swelling and reddening of vulva
Thick mucus discharge from the vulva
Mountain other animals or willingness to be mounted by others regardless of sex. Also assumes characteristics mating position when touched on the back by a boar or caretaker
Restlessness or grunting
Reduce appetite
Attempting to urine with very little urine at all
Difficult to be moved or transfer in the presence of boar
React to boars mating sound
Approach the animal from behind and apply pressure on her sides with both hands.
Back pressure test
Ride on or press the back or loin of the female.
Riding the back test
Squeeze old in a sample squeeze bottle on the snout of the female. With the smell on the semen
Semen on snout method
A vasectomized boar is the animal to use in this method. Allow the board to mount the sow.
Teaser boar method
Behavior or sexually receptive sow in teaser boar method
Sow does not run away stand firm and rigid ready to be served
Cocked ears
Willingly submit caprices of the male
Techniques in heat detection
Back pressure test
Riding the back test
Semen on snout method
Teaser boar method
Examination of external signs of estrus and records
The prime objective in feeding the future breeding stocks
For them to reach their reproductive maturity at right weight and age
Should be kept from getting too fat
Breeding gilts
About 10-14 days before the gilts are serve, the feed allowance is increased to how many kgs?
3.0-3.5 kgs/day
This aims to increased ovulation
Flushing
Quarantine measures
All arriving or newly purchased replacement gilts or boar should observe animals for any disease or untoward reaction for at least 2 weeks
Replacement animals should be introduced and acclimatized to the normal microflora of the farm
Replacement animals should be introduced and acclimatized to the normal microflora of the farm by?
*Introduction of the fecal material inside the pen taken from older stocks
*Contact with older animals like board and sow
*Feeding with small amount of chopped placenta, aborted piglets or intestines or intestines of piglets which died from diarrhea
*All this practice would improved the resistance of the animal and coming litter against common disease affecting the farm such as mastitis or diarrhea
When should deworming be given
7-14 days before breeding
When should mange treatment should be given
14-7 days before breeding
When should vitamin A, D,E injection be given
Once before breeding
Can be scheduled 6-8 of age
HC vaccine
FMD vaccine
Parvovirus vaccine
When to vaccine this activity can only be seen in drug literature
Pseudorabies vaccine
E. Coli bacteria
