Module 3 Flashcards
The word “electric’ is derived from the Greek word “elektron”, meaning _______.
amber
It is discovered when they rubbed amber with wool, the amber could attract other objects.
Electric Charge
It is an invisible force in nature consisting of two electrical charges, the proton and electron.
Electricity
It is a property of matter that causes it to produce and experience electrical and magnetic effect.
Electrical Charge
The unit for electrical charge is:
Coulomb (C)
The unit of electrical charge is named after:
Charles Augustin De Coulomb
Coulomb found out that each electric point charge exerts a _________ force on the other.
mechanical force
The charge of an electron or proton:
e = ±1.602 x 10^-19 C
Plastic rods and fur are particularly good for demonstrating ___________, the interactions between electric charges that are at rest.
electrostatics
This person suggested to calling the two kinds of charges which are positive and negative charges.
Benjamin Franklin
Similar charges ________ each other.
repel
Different charges ________ each other.
attract
When a material has an excess number of electrons, it has __________ electrical charge.
negative electrical charge (more electrons = negative)
When a material has an deficiency number of electrons, it has __________ electrical charge.
positive electrical charge (less electrons = positive)
Properties of Charge:
- Quantization of Charge
- Charge is always associated with mass
- Conservation of Charge
- Invariance of Charge
This property of charge states that an electric charge can only have discrete values.
Quantization of Charge
This property of charge states that a charge cannot exist without mass but particles such as photon or neutrino have no mass and can never have a charge.
Charge is always associated with mass
The higher the electrons, the _________ an object.
heavier (more electrons = heavier)
The lower the electrons, the _________ an object.
lighter (less electrons = lighter)
Particles that have no mass, can never have a ________.
charge (no mass = no charge)
This property of charge states that an electric charge is always conserved in an isolated system.
Conservation of Charge
This property of charge states that the numerical value of a charge is independent of the frame of reference. The value of a charge is the same whether stationary, or moving.
Invariance of Charge
It is charging that involves contact.
Conduction
These are materials that permit electric charge to move easily from one region to the other.
Conductors
These are materials that do not easily permit the electric charge to flow.
Insulators
These are materials that has an intermediate property of both conductor and insulator.
Semiconductors
It is a charging process that does not involve contact.
Induction
When objects are rubbed together and charges transfer.
Friction
The phenomenon when an electrified object picks up uncharged bits.
Induced-Charged Effect
The charges within the molecules of an insulating material can shift slightly; atomic level of separation of charges in insulators.
Polarization
This law states that the magnitude of the electric force between two point charges is directly proportional to the product of the charges and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them.
Coulomb’s Law
What is the Coulomb’s Law formula?
F = k(|q1q2|)/r^2
This principle states that the net electric force on a charge is the sum of force due to other charges.
Superposition Principle
