Module 2 Flashcards
It is the degree of hotness of an object and it can be measured by thermometer.
Temperature
Temperature is usually expressed in:
- Kelvin (K)
- Fahrenheit (F)
- Celsius (C)
It is the energy which travels from high temperature to low temperature in a matter.
Heat
It is also called thermal or internal energy.
Heat
It is the branch of physics that deals with the study of temperature, heat energy, and their relation to matter.
Thermal Physics
When objects are heated or cooled, the temperature changes and some properties of the materials change. This is called ________________.
Thermometric Properties
It is a common liquid element used in thermometers.
Mercury
Mercury freezes at ____ degrees Celsius.
-39°C
Mercury boils at ____ degrees Celsius.
357°C
Conversion of Celsius to Fahrenheit:
F = 9/5C + 32
Conversion of Fahrenheit to Celsius:
C = 5/9(F - 32)
Conversion of Celsius to Kelvin:
K = C + 273.15
Conversion of Kelvin to Celsius:
C = K - 273.15
All matters ___________ when heated because of the increase in the vibration of the molecules.
expand
It is the phenomenon where when the temperature changes, the length of the object changes.
Linear Expansion
For moderate temperature changes, change in length is __________ proportional to the change in temperature.
directly proportional
The formula of linear expansion when looking for change in length:
ΔL = (α)(Li)(ΔT)
The formula for linear expansion when looking for length given a specific temperature:
L = Li (1 + αΔT)
This states that when an object undergoes thermal expansion, any holes in the object expands as well.
Area Expansion
The formula of area expansion when looking for change in area:
ΔA = (2α)(Ai)(ΔT) || ΔA = (γ)(Ai)(ΔT)
The formula for area expansion when looking for area given a specific temperature:
A = Ai (1 + (2α)ΔT) || A = Ai (1 + γΔT)
It is the phenomenon where increasing the temperature causes increase in volume for both solids and liquids.
Volume Expansion
What is the formula for Volume Expansion:
ΔV = (3α)(Vi)(ΔT) || ΔV = (β)(Vi)(ΔT)
Energy transfer that takes place solely because of temperature difference is called ________.
Heat Flow or Heat Transfer
The energy transferred in Heat Flow/Heat Transfer is ________.
Heat
It means measuring heat.
Calorimetry
This is the phenomenon when energy (heat) transfers due to temperature difference.
Thermal Equilibrium
According to Joule, the temperature rise is _______ proportional to the work done.
directly proportional
Transfer of heat through collision within a substance.
Conduction
Materials that transfer energy (heat) through conduction.
Conductors
Transfer of heat in gas or liquid through currents in the heated field.
Convection
Transfer of energy (heat) at light speed through electromagnetic waves.
Radiation
It is the energy radiated in a form of electromagnetic waves.
Radiant Energy
It is defined as the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of a gram of water from 14.5°C to 15.5°C.
Calorie
It is the quantity of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 pound of water 1°F.
British Thermal Unit (BTU)
1 cal = _______ J
1 cal = 4.186 J
1 BTU = _____ cal
1 BTU = 252 cal
The quantity of heat (Q) required to increase the temperature of a mass of a certain material is _____________ to the change in temperature and the mass.
proportional
It is the amount of heat required to raise the temperature by 1°C for the mass of 1kg.
Specific heat (c)
What is the formula of quantity of heat (Q)?
Q = mcΔT
A branch of science that deals with the properties of matter and their changes due to the effects of heat and work.
Thermodynamics
It is the study of heat and work.
Thermodynamics
Comes from the Greek word which means the power of heat.
Thermodynamics
Properties of Thermodynamics:
- Density
- Pressure
- Temperature
It states that if C is in thermal equilibrium with A and B, then A and B are also in thermal equilibrium with each other.
Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics
Two systems are in thermal equilibrium if they have ____________________.
the same temperature.
This states that the energy leaving a body is equal to the energy entering another body in an isolated system.
Conservation of Energy
This is the result when heat is absorbed or released without a change in temperature.
Phase Change
Amount of heat required to change a substance from solid to liquid.
Latent Heat of Fusion
Amount of heat required to change a substance from liquid to gas.
Latent Heat of Vaporization
It states that the change in the internal energy (ΔU) of a closed system is equal to the energy added to the system through heat (Q) minus the work done by the system on its surroundings (W).
First Law of Thermal Dynamics || ΔU = Q - W
A system that can exchange energy, but not matter, with its surroundings.
Closed System
The sum of kinetic energies of all its constituent particles plus the sum of all the potential energies of the interaction among the particles.
Internal Energy
Sign conventions of the First Law of Thermodynamics
+Q = heat added
-Q = heat loss
+W = by the system
-W = on the system
