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Chemistry for Engineers > Module 3 > Flashcards

Module 3 Flashcards

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1
Q

materials that contain more than one element

A

alloys

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2
Q

types of alloys

A

SIH
SUBSTITUTIONAL, INTERSTITIAL, HETEROGENOUS ALLOYS

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3
Q

element takes place of a metal atom

A

substitutional alloys

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4
Q

element that fills a space in the lattice of metal atoms

A

interstitial alloys

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5
Q

components not dispersed uniformly

A

heterogeneous alloys

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6
Q

compounds not mixtures
distinct properties, definite composition, ordered rather than randomly distributed , more brittle than substitutional alloys

A

intermetallic compounds

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7
Q

a group of cations suspended in a sea of electrons

A

metallic bonding

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8
Q

the electron sea model would lead to increased attraction for every

A

electron added

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9
Q

Rules of MO theory

A
  1. atomic orbitals combine to make MOs to extend over the entire molecule
  2. MO can contain 0,1,2 electrons
  3. number of MOs equal the number of atomic orbitals
  4. adding electrons to a bonding MO strengthens bonding, while adding them to antibonding MOs weakens bonding
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10
Q

the number of atoms in a chain increases, the energy gap disappears resulting in

A

continuous band of energy

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11
Q

held together by electrostatic attractions

A

ionic solids

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12
Q

have very high melting and boiling points

A

ionic solids

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13
Q

the charge is centered on the anions they are called

A

electronic insulators

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14
Q

three common structures

A

CsCl structure
NaCl structure
Zinc blende

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15
Q

consist of atoms or molecules held together by weaker forces

A

molecular solids

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16
Q

ability to stack matters for some physical properties, like boiling point

A

shape

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17
Q

example of molecular solids

A

graphite

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18
Q

atoms are covalently bonded over large network distances with regular patterns of atoms

A

covalent-network solids

19
Q

example of covalent network solids

A

diamond

20
Q

have a gap between the occupied and not occupied band

A

semiconductors

21
Q

tend to have an average of four valence electrons

A

iorganic semiconductors

22
Q

have more electrons, so the negative charge travel in conductance band

A

n-type semiconductors

23
Q

have fewer electrons, so the hole travels in the valence band

A

p-type semiconductors

24
Q

are molecules of high molecular weight made by joining smaller molecules

A

polymers

25
Q

polymers are molecules of high molecular weight made by joining smaller molecules

A

monomers

26
Q

polymeric solids that can be formed into various shapes

A

plastics

27
Q

TYPES OF PLASTICS

A

Thermoplastics, thermosetting plastics, and elastomers

28
Q

a type of plastic that can be melted and reshaped

A

thermoplastics

29
Q

type of plastics that can be shaped through an irreversible chemical reaction

A

thermosetting plastics

30
Q

are rubbery, they stretch and return to shape

A

elastomers

31
Q

TYPES OF POLYMERS

A

AC
Addition polymers
Condensation polymers

32
Q

formed when a bond breaks and the electrons in that bond make two new bonds

A

addition polymers

33
Q

are formed when a small molecule is removed between two large molecules

A

condensation polymers

34
Q

two molecules are joined to make a larger molecule

A

condensation polymerization

35
Q

formed by two different monomers

A

copolymers

36
Q

can lead to crystallinity in the solid that makes the polymer denser, harder, less, and more resistant to heat

A

short range order

37
Q

in vulcanization chains are cross-linked by short chains of

A

sulfur atoms

38
Q

are semiconductors 1-10 nanometers in size

A

quantum dots

39
Q

allotropes of carbon

A

diamond, graphite, graphene, and buckyballs

40
Q

the only allotropes of carbon known were

A

diamond and graphite

41
Q

a new form of carbon that exist is discovered

A

discrete C60 molecules

42
Q

another name of buckyballs

A

buckminsterfullerene

43
Q

a single layer with the structure of graphite

A

graphene

Chemistry for Engineers (4 decks)

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