Module 3 Flashcards
What is Taxonomy
Theory and practice of classifying organisms into taxa within a hierarchy
What is Nomenclature
Giving scientific names to taxa at all hierarchal levels
What is phylogenetics
Study of evolutionary history or relationships of organisms
Carolyn’s Linnaeus
A Swedish botanist
Passion for classification
7 levels of classification scheme of Linnaeus
Empire
Kingdom
Class
Order
Genus
Species
Variety
Modern classification scheme
Kingdom
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species
Linnaeus classification mnemonic
Eddie EKCOGSV
Kindly
Carried
Our
Groceries
So
Valiantly
Modern classification mnemonic
Kailey KPCOFGS
Passed
(her)Classes
(so we) Ordered
Fun
Guys (to)
Strip
3 traits of a mammal
Fat
Mammory gland
Hearing
Rodentia
Teeth made for chewing
Linnaeus # kingdoms
2: vegetabilia and animalia
Haeckel # kingdoms
3:
Protists
Plantae
Animalia
Circular chromosomes in: bacteria, archaea, eukarya
Yes-yes-no
Are there peptidoglycans in the cell walls of: bacteria, archaea, eukarya
Yes no no
Membrane lipids Esther link branched or unbranched for: bacteria, archaea, eukarya
Unbranched branched unbranched
What are peptidoglycans
Carbs cross linked by peptides (2+ AA linked in chain)
Who created binomial nomenclature in 1753
Linneaus
Binomial nomenclature rules:
- Only one name
- Two animals can’t have same name
- Genus capital
- Lowercase epithet
What are the three types of mammals
Placentals (eutheria)
Marsupials (metatheria)
Monotremes (prototheria)
What happens when a genus or species is accidentally given two names
First one stays while the second becomes a synonym/nickname
Who propose: each species is reproductively isolated from eachother
Theo. Dobzhansky (1920)
What types of barriers prevent reproduction
- Prezygotic - prevents mating or fertilization
- Postzygotic - prevents development of fertile adults
Postzygotic reproductive barrier
Prevents development of fertile adults
Prezygotic reproductive barriers
Prevents mating or fertilization
Hybrid inviability
Hybrid zygotes fail to reach sexual maturity
Hybrid breakdown
Offspring of hybrids are weak or sterile
What is hybrid sterility
Hybrid fails to produce functional gametes
Habitat isolation
Avoiding others
Temporal isolation
Bad timing (he wants sex, she doesn’t)
Behavioural isolation
Not attracted
Mechanical isolation
Structural differences in genitals
Gamete isolation
Gametes die before uniting or fail to altogether
