Module 2.2

Question 1

Swiss Clinical Psychologist who
pioneered the “The theory of
Cognitive Development”

Answer 1

Jean Piaget

Question 2

A progressive reorganization of mental processes resulting from
biological maturation and
environmental experience.

Answer 2

The theory of Cognitive Development

Question 3

3 Basic Components of Cognitive Theory

Answer 3

• Schemas/schemes
• Adaptation
• Stage of cognitive development

Question 4

building blocks of knowledge

Answer 4

Schemas/schemes

Question 5

involves child’s learning processes to meet situational demands.

Answer 5

Adaptation

Question 6

2 processes used by individuals to adapt

Answer 6

• Assimilation
• Accommodation

Question 7

the application of previous concepts to new concepts

Answer 7

Assimilation

Question 8

this happens when people encounter new information.

Answer 8

Accommodation

Question 9

children reflect through their increasing thought processes.

Answer 9

Stage of Cognitive Development

Question 10

4 Stages of Cognitive Development

Answer 10

• Sensorimotor
• Preoperational
• Concrete Operational
• Formal Operational

Question 11

0-2, with primitive understanding of cause and effect relationship
-mastery of object permanence(9months)
-less egocentric

Answer 11

Sensorimotor

Question 12

2-7, child uses language and symbols
-egocentrism is evident
-do not master “Principle of Conservation”

Answer 12

Preoperational

Question 13

7-11, -engage themselves with logical thinking and reasoning
-with mastery of “Principle of Conservation” and “Principle of Classification”
-mature understanding of cause and effect relationship
-with concrete understanding as to existence of things/objects and events

Answer 13

Concrete Operational

Question 14

12 above, -individuals begin to develop the ability to think about and even solve abstracts problems in a logical and systematic manner
-can also deal with hypothetical concepts

Answer 14

Formal Operational

Question 15

Psychologists, author and professor who proposed Self Development Concept

Answer 15

Susan Harter

Question 16

Domain specific evaluations of the self.

Answer 16

Self concept

Question 17

Self-concept stages of development

Answer 17

• early childhood
• middle to later childhood
• adolescence
• emerging adults

Question 18

the child describes the self in terms of :
* Physical attributes
* Material possessions
* Behaviors
* Preferences

Answer 18

Early Childhood

Question 19

the self is described in terms of :
* Trait-like constructs

Answer 19

Middle to later Childhood

Question 20

Stage where emergence of abstract self-definition occur leading to usage of abstract words hence adolescents are able to construct higher-order abstraction and capacity for introspection.

Answer 20

Adolescence

Question 21

conception of the self leads to having a vision of a “Positive Self

Answer 21

Emerging adults

Question 22

Known as the father of American Psychology who proposed the 2 elements of Self: I self and the Me self

Answer 22

William James

Question 23

the pure ego; subjective self that is aware of its own actions

Answer 23

I-self

Question 24

4 features of I-self

Answer 24

A sense of being the agent/initiator of behavior
* A sense of being unique
* A sense of continuity
* A sense of awareness about being aware

Question 25

the self that is object which can be described in terms of physical features, social role, thoughts and emotions.

Answer 25

ME-Self (Empirical Self)

Question 26

Dimensions of me-self

Answer 26

* Material (physical appearance) * Social ( social and interpersonal skills) * Spiritual (personality, character and values)

Question 27

He proposed personality Development and Self concept

Answer 27

Carl Rogers

Question 28

“All behavior is motivated by self-actualizing tendencies that drive you to reach your full potential”

Answer 28

Carl Rogers

Question 29

Who said that the world a person exists in, is the center of constant changes, and the person reacts to these changes.

Answer 29

Carl Rogers

Question 30

An individual forms a structure of the self or self concept

Answer 30

Carl Rogers

Question 31

* 2 Categories of Self of Carl Rogers:

Answer 31

Ideal Self Real Self

Question 32

the person you would like yourself to be

Answer 32

Ideal self

Question 33

It is the person you actually are; how you behave right at the moment of a situation; and what you are in reality

Answer 33

Real Self

Question 34

Rogers emphasized the need for consistency between the ideal and real self.

Answer 34

The Importance of Alignment

Question 35

An experience a person has if the ideal and real selves are very similar

Answer 35

Congruence

Question 36

An experience a person has if there is a great inconsistency between ideal and real selves

Answer 36

Incongruence

Question 37

“Man has many social selves because if man has multiple selves, the concept of the self loses its meaning”

Answer 37

Roy Baumeister’s Multiple versus Unified Selves

Question 38

asserted that every person possesses "traits”

Answer 38

Gordon Allport’s Personality Trait Theory

Question 39

A person’s essential characteristic that never, ever changes and sticks with him/her all his/her life.

Answer 39

Trait

Question 40

Psychiatrist who developed Transactional Analysis

Answer 40

Eric Berne

Question 41

a technique to help people better understand their own and other's behavior, especially interpersonal relationships.

Answer 41

Transactional Analysis

Question 42

Personality has 3 parts called?

Answer 42

Ego states

Question 43

3 parts of ego states

Answer 43

-Parent -Adult -Child (natural child, little professor, adaptive child)

Question 44

voice of authority

Answer 44

parent

Question 45

rational person

Answer 45

adult

Question 46

has 3 ego states

Answer 46

child

Question 47

loves to play but sensitive and vulnerable

Answer 47

Natural Child

Question 48

curious child who wants to try everything

Answer 48

Little Professor

Question 49

child who reacts to the world

Answer 49

Adaptive Child

Question 50

Professor and author who proposed 3 domains of the self:

Answer 50

Gregg Henriques

Question 51

3 domains of the self:

Answer 51

Experiential self Private Self conscious Public Self-conscious

Question 52

theater of consciousness for it experience first its beingness.

Answer 52

Experiential self

Question 53

described as the narrator or interpreter.

Answer 53

Private Self conscious

Question 54

image that you project to the public.

Answer 54

Public Self-conscious

Question 55

Pediatrician and psychoanalyst who introduced the concept of True versus False Selves

Answer 55

Donald Woods Winnicott

Question 56

a defensive entity formed by the infants due to inadequate mothering or failures in empathy; “mask” or “persona”

Answer 56

False Self

Question 57

* flourishes in infancy when the mother is responsive to the needs or spontaneous expressions of the infant. * has sense of integrity and of connected wholeness.

Answer 57

True Self