Module 2 Theory of flight Flashcards
Atmospheric composition or AIR
-Nitrogen=78%
-Oxygen=20%
-Argon= 1%
-Carbon dioxide =0.04%
and small amount of other gases
Air is a gas, gases have various properties named them
- Pressure
- Temperature
- Mass
- The volume which contain the gas
Boyle’s law
pV=C
If temperature of the gas is held constant(temp), The absolute pressure is inversely proportional to the volume
Charles’ law
If the temp increases volume also increases in order to maintained the same constant ( pressure)
Density
Mass of an object divided by its volume
What will happen to the density of air when temperature increases?
When the temperature of air increases, the density of that air will decrease
International Standard Atmosphere
(Sometimes referred to as Standard Day
- Atmospheric pressure of
29. 92 In Hg (or 14.7psi) - With a surface temperature of 15 ºC
- At sea level
Four forces acting on an Aircraft/
- Lift = or >Weight
- Thrust = or > Drag
What is Lift?
Lift is a mechanical force, Lift is generated by the difference in velocity between the solid body and the fluid
Newton’s second law of motion states that a force is produced when
A mass is accelerated.
F= m*a
Acceleration is a change in velocity over time.
F= m * ΔV / Δt
Factors That affect Lift ?
-The object= shape and size
-The motion=Velocity and inclination to flow
The air= mass, viscosity, compressibility
What is Drag ?
The resistance of the air to the motion of the aircraft,drag is directed along and opposed to the direction of flight.
Inter fence Drag is ?
Interference drag is incurred as one surface interferes with another in relationship to airflow
Parasite Drag is ?
The sum of all the drags not directly associated with the development of lift; such as friction, form and interference
Induce drag is?
Is commonly referred to as the drag produced by lift itself.
Total drag is ?
The sum then of all parasitic drag and all induced drag i
Skin friction Drag
Reaction to the retardation of the flow within the boundary layer is skin friction drag.
Winglet devise is used to control?
Winngtip vortices and use them to make the wing more efficient.
Ground Effect?
Ground effect is caused by ground interference with airflow patterns around an aircraft when the aircraft is within one wingspan of the ground. At too high of an approach speed the aircraft may float down the runway and run out of runway length
