Module 2: The Physical World

Question 1

the short-term changes in the air for a given place and time

Answer 1

weather

Question 2

a region’s average weather conditions over a long period

Answer 2

climate

Question 3

Factors that affect climate

how close a place is to the equator - usually the closer the equator the warmer it is

Answer 3

latitude

Question 4

Factors that affect climate

how high the land is above the sea level - usually the higher the elevation, the cooler it is

Answer 4

elevation

Question 5

Factors that affect climate

hot water and air rises, cool water and air sinks - this creates currents that move heat around our planet

Answer 5

ocean/wind currents

Question 6

Factors that affect climate

this can increase precipitation and affect the temperature depending where the water is and how big it is

Answer 6

closeness to large bodies of water

Question 7

Factors that affect climate

mountains can change how much rain or sun you get, the north side of a mountain usually has a different climate than the south side

Answer 7

terrain

Question 8

Type of Climate

high temperatures and precipitation (can be all year or rainy season)

Answer 8

tropical climate

Question 9

Type of Climate

very little precipitation; usually high temperatures but can be cool at night or in the winter depending on location

Answer 9

dry climate

Question 10

Type of Climate

moderate (medium) temperatures and amounts of rainfall; usually have all four seasons

Answer 10

temperate climate

Question 11

Type of Climate

low temperatures and very little precipitation

Answer 11

polar climate

Question 12

Type of Climate

temperature and precipitation varies greatly depending on elevation

Answer 12

highland climate

Question 13

type of resource

any material in nature that people use and value

Answer 13

natural resource

Question 14

type of resource

resource Earth replaces naturally
(water, soil, wind, sun, animals)

Answer 14

renewable resource

Question 15

type of resource

resources that cannot be replaced
(coal, oil)

Answer 15

non-renewable resources

Question 16

non-renewable resources that formed from the remains of ancient plants and animals
(coal, petroleum, and natural gas)

Answer 16

fossil fuel

Question 17

renewable energy source

the production of electricity from water power
(also wind power, solar power)

Answer 17

hydroelectric power

Question 18

type of resource

non-renewable resource used to make…
(metals, salt, rocks, gemstones)

Answer 18

mineral resources

Question 19

How do resources affect people’s lives?

Answer 19

1. affects needs and choices
2. can cause conflict

Question 20

How do resources affect a country’s wealth?

Answer 20

1. many resources = strong economy
2. few resources = weak economy

Question 21

What are some pros of fossil fuels?

Answer 21

1. reliable energy source
2. plentiful
3. good for producing energy

Question 22

What are some cons of fossil fuels?

Answer 22

1. pollutes the air
2. harms the land (oil spills)
3. will eventually run out

Question 23

What are some pros of renewable energy?

Answer 23

1. will not run out
2. better for the environment

Question 24

What are some cons of renewable energy?

Answer 24

1. not available everywhere
2. costly

Question 25

What is a pro of nuclear energy?

Answer 25

1. does not pollute the air

Question 26

What are some cons of nuclear energy?

Answer 26

1. produces dangerous waste
2. accidents can have harmful effects