Module 2 section 1: Atoms and Reaction Flashcards
What are the subatomic particles, their mass and charge?
Proton M: 1 C: +1
Neutron M:1 C: 0
Electron M: 1/2000 C: -1
What does the top number represent in an element symbol?
Mass number : this tells you the total number of protons and neutrons
What does the bottom number represent in and element symbol?
Atomic number : This is the number of Protons in the nucleus this is equal to the number of Electrons
How do you find the number of neutrons in a nucleus?
mass number - atomic number
What is an ion?
It is and atom or element with a DIFFERENT number of electrons and protons
What is a negative ion ?
When the atom has more ELECTRONS than protons
What is a positive ion?
When the atom has more PROTONS than electrons
F- is a negative ion why ?
The negative charge means that there’s 1 more electron. F has 9 protons but as an - ion this means it now has 10 electrons. The overall charge = +9 -10 = -1 (if its a negative it pluses to the opposite subatomic particle)
Mg2+ is a positive ion why?
The positive charge means there 2 more protons. Mg has 12 protons so Mg2+ must have 10 electrons. The overall charge = +12 -10 = +2 (if its a positive it minuses from to opposite subatomic particle)
What is an isotope?
Isotopes are Atoms of the same element with the same number of protons but a different number of Neutrons
What changes in the element symbol if the atom is an isotope?
The mass number will change to suit the number or neutrons. But the atomic number will stay the same
Do isotopes of an element have different physical properties?
Yes. Such as different densities, rates of diffusion etc. this is because the physical properties depend on the mass of atom
What is relative atomic mass?
The relative atomic mass is the relative weighted mass of an atom or element compared to 1/12th of the mass of carbon 12 (average)
What is relative isotopic mass?
Relative atomic m ass is the mass of an atom of an isotope compared with 1/12th of the mass of carbon-12 (whole number)
