Module 2 (race, Sex And Stature Determination)

Question 1

What is cephalic index used to determine?

Answer 1

Race. Formula = maximum skull breadth x 100
—————————————-
maximum skull length

Question 2

What are the 3 main race groups?

Answer 2

Caucasia, Mongoloid, Negroid

Question 3

What are the 3 types of skull?

Answer 3

Dolichocephalic (Negroes ), mesaticephalic (Caucasians), brachycephalic (mongoloid)

Question 4

The skull of an Indian belongs to which type?

Answer 4

Indians are Caucasian with Negroid characteristics so they under mesaticephalic

Question 5

How to determine race using hair cross section?

Answer 5

Elliptical - negroid
Round to ovoid - Caucasian
Circular to cylindrical - mongoloid

Question 6

How to identify a Caucasian from their teeth

Answer 6

I. Maxillary molars have small nodules on their lingual surface called Carabelli’s cusp
2. Long pointed canine roots

Question 7

How to identify negroid race using teeth?

Answer 7

Big teeth, more cusps on molars

Question 8

How to identify mongoloid race from teeth?

Answer 8

1. Enamel pearls present
   2 . Upper third molar is congenitally absent
2. Taurodontism or bull tooth ‘
3. Shovel shaped INCSORS

Question 9

What is preaurícular sulcus used to determine?

Answer 9

Sex

Question 10

What is formula for Barr bodies?

Answer 10

It is n-1 where n is number of X chromosomes

Question 11

What are the indices for sex determination?

Answer 11

Ischiopubic index, corporobasal index, sternal index, sciatic notch index, medullary index

Question 12

What is the intermembranal index used for?

Answer 12

Determining the race of the individual

Question 13

Which part of the pelvic bone is the best source for sex determination?

Answer 13

Pubis

Question 14

Which is the least reliable bone for sex determination

Answer 14

Sacrum

Question 15

Which is the most useful long bone for sex determination?

Answer 15

Femur due to its length and massiveness

Question 16

What is the minimum age beyond which sex determination using skeleton is accurate?

Answer 16

14–16 years

Question 17

What is the bertillon system used for?

Answer 17

Identification based on anthropometry

Question 18

How to calculate stature using length of femur

Answer 18

STATURE = femur length X 3 .74

Question 19

What are the methods of stature determination

Answer 19

1. Pearsons formula.
2. Trotter and glesers method
3. Stature femur relationship
4. Anatomical method

Question 20

How to calculate gestational age using crown rump length and lower limb length

Answer 20

Crown rump length + lower limb length =crown heel length
According to rule of haas,
Gstnal age = crown heel length ÷ 5 ( if chl is more than 25)
Gstnal age = √chl (if chl is less than 25)