Module 2: Properties of Liquids and Solids

Question 1

Which of the following choices is used to explain the behavior of states of matter from a microscopic point of view?
A. Atomic Theory
B. Coulomb`s Law
C. Kinetic Molecular Theory
D. Intramolecular forces

Answer 1

C. Kinetic Molecular Theory

Question 2

Which of the following physical property of a liquid allows a spider to float on water?
A. Capillary action
B. Surface tension
C. Vapor pressure
D. Molar heat of vaporization

Answer 2

B. Surface tension

Question 3

When water is poured into a test tube, a concave surface is usually observed. Why do you think this happens?
A. Because water molecules touching the glass adhere less to the test tube.
B. Because water molecules touching the glass adhere more to the test tube.
C. Because water molecules touching the glass adhere more to other water molecules.
D. Because water molecules touching the glass did not get attracted to the wall of the test tube.

Answer 3

B. Because water molecules touching the glass adhere more to the test tube.

Question 4

What do you think is the effect of weak intermolecular forces to the vapor pressure of acetone?
A. low vapor pressure
B. high vapor pressure
C. does not affect at all
D. unstable vapor pressure

Answer 4

B. high vapor pressure

Question 5

Which of the following compounds has a strong intermolecular force and high viscosity?
A. acetone
B. ethanol
C. glycerol
D. water

Answer 5

C. glycerol

Question 6

is a model that is used to explain the behavior of states of matter from a microscopic point of view. Also, this theory helps us explain why matter exists in different phases (solid, liquid, and gas) and how matter can change from one phase to the next.

Answer 6

Kinetic Molecular Theory (KMT)

Question 7

-Liquids are fluids that flow and take the shape of their container.
-Liquid molecules are closely packed with little space, allowing free movement.
-The small space between molecules makes liquids harder to compress than gases

Answer 7

KMT and Properties of Liquid

Question 8

-Solids are rigid, resistant to change, and have tightly arranged particles, making them dense and incompressible.
-Particles in solids vibrate but remain fixed, giving solids a definite shape, volume, and melting point.
-Solids diffuse slowly and do not mix easily with other substances.

Answer 8

KMT and Properties of Solid

Question 9

It is the amount of energy required to stretch the surface of the liquid by a unit area. A liquid molecule with high intermolecular forces will have a high surface tension. Meaning the molecules at the surface of a liquid are pulled in all directions. Directions like downward and sideways not upward or away from the surface, however if the hydrogen bonds are disrupted, the surface tension will decrease.

Answer 9

Surface Tension

Question 10

The attraction between liquid and solid materials. There are two types of capillary action: cohesion and adhesion. Cohesion is the intermolecular attraction between the same molecules
while adhesion is the intermolecular attraction between, unlike molecules.

Answer 10

Capillary Action

Question 11

is the resistance of a fluid (liquid or gas) to a change in shape or movement of neighbouring portions relative to one another.

Answer 11

Viscosity

Question 12

The amount of escaped
gas molecules will now create a particular amount of pressure. The pressure that is
created by these bouncing molecules of acetone is called vapor pressure.

Answer 12

Vapor Pressure

Question 13

When we say boiling point, it is the temperature at which the liquid converts into gas. Meaning it is the temperature where the vapor pressure of a liquid equals
the external pressure (at equilibrium point). This explains why water boils or why
liquid boils.

Answer 13

Molar Heat of Vaporization

Question 14

High in surface tension
A. Ethanol
B. Methanol
C. Glycerol
D. Water

Answer 14

C. Glycerol

Question 15

High in viscosity
A. Ethanol
B. Methanol
C. Glycerol
D. Water

Answer 15

C. Glycerol

Question 16

Low in vapor pressure
A. Ethanol
B. Methanol
C. Glycerol
D. Water

Answer 16

C. Glycerol

Question 17

Which among the following solid lacks a well-defined arrangement of basic units found in crystals that soften gradually when heated.
A. Amorphous
B. Crystalline solid
C. Ionic crystals
D. Metallic crystals

Answer 17

A. Amorphous

Question 18

Which of the following shows the increasing viscosity?
A. CH4 < C6H14 < H2O < C3H8O3
B. C6H14 < CH4 < H2O < C3H8O3
C. C3H8O3< H2O < C6H14 <CH4
D. C3H8O3< C6H14< H2O <CH4

Answer 18

A. CH4 < C6H14 < H2O < C3H8O3

Question 19

is the amount of energy required to stretch
or increase the surface of a liquid by a unit area.

Answer 19

Surface tension

Question 20

is the intermolecular attraction between like molecules

Answer 20

Cohesion

Question 21

is an attraction between unlike molecules

Answer 21

Adhesion

Question 22

The pressure exerted by a vapor in
thermodynamic equilibrium with its
condensed phases at a given temperature in a closed system.

Answer 22

Vapor pressure

Question 23

Is the heat absorbed by one mole of that
substance as it is converted from a liquid to gas.

Answer 23

Molar Heat of Vaporization

Question 24

• Polar molecule
• Cohesion and adhesion
• High specific heat
• Density – greatest at 4oC
• Universal solvent of life

Answer 24

PROPERTIES OF WATER

Question 25

* Hold water molecules together * Each water molecule can form a maximum of 4 hydrogen bonds * The hydrogen bonds joining water molecules are weak, about 1/20th as strong as covalent bonds. * They form, break, and reform with great frequency

Answer 25

HYDROGEN BONDS

Question 26

IS THE AMOUNT OF HEAT THAT MUST BE ABSORBED OR LOST FOR ONE GRAM OF A SUBSTANCE TO CHANGE ITS TEMPERATURE BY 1OC.

Answer 26

SPECIFIC HEAT