Module 2: Pharmacognosy Flashcards
1
Q
In order to understand better pharmacognosy, a student should have a background in:a. Botanyb. Zoologyc. Chemistryd. All of the abovee. None of the above
A
Botany
2
Q
Organoleptic evaluation of drugs includes:a. Sound of fractureb. Feel of the drug to the touchc. Color, odor, tasted. All of the abovee. None of the above
A
All of the above
3
Q
All are considered, underground structure except.a. Rhizomeb. Bulbc. Cormd. None of the above
A
None of the above
4
Q
Fracture types of underground parts are listed below except:a. Completeb. Fibrousc. Brittled. Soft
A
Soft
5
Q
Barks used as drugs are shaped as:a. Flatb. Quillc. Channeledd. All of the abovee. None of the above
A
All of the above
6
Q
All are considered flower parts excepta. Receptacleb. Androeciumc. Corymbd. Gynoecium
A
Corymb
7
Q
Parenchyma containing chloroplasts are calleda. Chloroplasmab. Chlorphyllc. Chlorenchyma cellsd. Chloroplasts
A
Clorenchyma cells
8
Q
Idioblasts are cells containing a large amount of ___?a. Calcium silicate crystalsb. Calcium chloride crystalsc. Calcium oxalate crystalsd. Calcium sulphate crystals
A
Calcium oxalate crystals
9
Q
___ of calcium carbonate occur in leaf epidermal cells and hairs.a. Rosettesb. Raphidesc. Crystolithsd. None of the abovee. All of the above
A
Crystoliths
10
Q
The vascular cylinder is composed of tissues, namely:a. Phloemb. Xylemc. All of the aboved. None of the above
A
All of the above
11
Q
Cork cambium producesa. Cork cellsb. Phellodermc. All of the aboved. None of the above
A
All of the above
12
Q
Groups of compounds that makes wood become darker in color:a. Resinsb. Tanninsc. All of the aboved. None of the above
A
All of the above
13
Q
Chloral hydrate solution is a saturated solution of chloral hydrate in water that dissolves ___.a. Starchb. Resinsc. Proteind. All of the above
A
All of the above
14
Q
The following are parenchymatous tissues except:a. Stomatab. Androeciumc. Pericap tissued. Endosperm
A
Stomata
15
Q
Everything is true about glandular hairs, except:a. These hairs may either be unicellular or multicellularb. These are protusions from the cambiumc. The cuticle may be raised by the secretion commonly found in Lamiaceae plants
A
These protusions from the cambium
16
Q
Starches are usually isolated from these plant parts, except:a. Rhizomeb. Fruitc. Seedd. None of the abovee. All of the above
A
None of the above
17
Q
Anthraquinone derivatives are often colored ___?a. Redb. Orangec. Orange-Redd. Blue
A
Orange-Red
18
Q
Borntrager test is used for the detection of:a. Saponinb. Alkaloidc. Volatile oilsd. Anthraquinone
A
Anthraquinone
19
Q
Borntrager test produces___ color.a. Pinkb. Redc. Violetd. All of the abovee. None of the above
A
All of the above
20
Q
___ is a plant drug used in Chinese medicine as early as 2700 B.Ca. Rhubarbb. Ginsengc. Squilld. Glycyrrihiza
A
Rhubarb
21
Q
A compound containing equimolar amounts of picrotoxinin and picrotin is ___?a. Strophantinb. Picrotoxigeninc. Picrotind. Picrotoxin
A
Picrotoxin
22
Q
Sinigrin is hydrolysed by the enzyme ___.a. Beta-amylaseb. Myrosinc. Ptyalind. Emulsion
A
Myrosin
23
Q
Product of amygdalin hydrolysis is ___.a. Hydrocyanic acidb. Benzaldehydec. All of the aboved. None of the above
A
All of the above
24
Q
The active constituent of saffron is ___?a. Myrosinb. Sinigrinc. Picrosind. Crosin
A
Crosin
25
___ is a vesicating principles from Spanish Flies.a. Cantharidinb. Picrocinc. Crocind. Picretin
Cantharidin
26
___ is a process based on the distribution of a mixture between 2 phases.a. Paintingb. Electrolysisc. Filtrationd. Chromatography
Chromatography
27
Tannins are characterized as:a. Amorphous polyhydroxy-phenolic compoundsb. Possessing an astringent tastec. None of the aboved. A and B onlye. All of the above
A and B only
28
Hydrolyzable tannins are characterized as:a. Yielding gallic acid when hydrolysed b. Turns bluish black with ferric chloride TS c. Converted to pyrogallol on dried distillationd. All of the abovee. None of the above
All of the above
29
The precursor of the aromatic ring in microorganisms and higher plants is ___?a. Shikimic acid b. Pyruvic acid c. Citric acidd. Acetic acid
Shikimic acid
30
Volatile oils are isolated by ___.a. Solvent extraction b. Destructive Distillation c. Steam distillationd. All of the abovee. None of the above
All of the above
31
Volatile oils may occur in the ___ of the plant.a. Oil cells b. Glandular hairs c. Ductsd. All of the abovee. None of the above
All of the above
32
Volatile oils are used for ___?a. Therapeutic action b. Flavoring c. Perfumeryd. All of the abovee. None of the above
All of the above
33
Volatile oils are usually obtained by steam distillation, with the exception of the oils from ___.a. Pinaceae b. Rutaceae c. Umbelliferaed. Rosaceae
Pinaceae
34
Volatile oils obtained by expression of the fresh peels are:a. Orange oil b. Bitter orange oil c. Lemon oild. All of the abovee. None of the above
All of the above
35
Isoprenoids are composed of ___.a. Steroids b. Carotenoids c. Rubberd. All of the abovee. None of the above
All of the above
36
The term RESIN usually apply to:a. Solid, amorphous product of complex chemical structure.b. Hard, transparent or translucent exudatesc. Soften and finally melts upon standingd. All of the abovee. None of the above
All of the above
37
Resins are usually insoluble in ___.a. Chloroform b. Acetone c. Petroleum etherd. Carbon disulphidee. None of the above
Petroleum ether
38
Resins are classified as:a. Basic Resin b. Acid Resin c. Neutral resind. Mixed resine. None of the above
Acid resin
39
Resins exhibit the ___ upon standing.a. Darkening of color b. Increasing in solubility c. Lightening of colord. Insolubilitye. All of the above
Darkening of color
40
Balsams contain a high proportion of aromatic, balsamic acids, chiefly:a. Benzoic acid b. Cinnamic acid c. Both A & Bd. Neither A or B
Both A & B
41
Resins and their combinations are usually produced in ___ .a. Schizogenous ductsb. Schizolysigenous glandsc. Both A & Bd. Neither A or B
Both A & B
42
Alkaloid is ___.a. A gum b. Pharmacologically-active c. Acidicd. Obtained from the leavese. All of the above
Pharmacologically-active
43
Alkaloids are usually ___.a. Acidic compounds b. Amorphous in appearance c. Nitrogen-containingd. Obtained from the leaves
Nitrogen-containing
44
Isolated morphine in 1804.a. Ehrlich b. Costeau c. Planckd. Serturnere. None of the above
Serturner
45
Alkaloids are also known to be present in:a. Club molasses b. Fungi c. None of the aboved. All of the above
All of the above
46
Compounds with alkaloidal structures have also been isolated from ___.a. Salamander b. Millipede c. None of the aboved. All of the above
All of the above
47
The alkaloid, bufotenine, may be found in:a. Plants b. Fungi c. None of the aboved. All of the above
All of the above
48
In general, alkaloids tend to accumulate in ___.a. Very active tissues b. Vascular Sheaths c. None of the aboved. All of the above
All of the above
49
Talampunay is scientifically known asa. Datura metel L. b. Datura alba L. c. Datura nigra Blancod. Datura sophora Mill
Datura metel L.
50
Simple proteins are defined as those:a. Yielding only beta amino acids and their derivativesb. Yielding only alpha amino acids and their derivativesc. Yielding only beta amino acidsd. Yielding only alpha amino acids
Yielding only alpha amino acids and their derivatives
51
These are characteristics of biologics, except:a. Antibody preparations inhibiting immunity of the patientsb. Products composed of antigenic matterc. Antibody preparations developing patient immunityd. Exemplified by hepatitis B vaccine
Antibody preparations inhibiting immunity of the patients
52
Cytoliths of calcium carbonate is a characteristic of the familiesa. Urticaceae b. Moraceae c. AOTAd. NOTA
AOTA
53
All are classified biologics, except:a. Adsorbed diphtheria toxoid b. Allergensc. Polimyelitis vaccinesd. Immune globulins
Allergens
54
“COSETTES” refers to the small, limp slices of:a. Carrots b. Sugar canec. Sugar beetsd. Taro
Sugar beets
55
Everything is true about pyroxylin, except:a. Obtained by the action of nitric and sulfuric acids in cottonb. A mixture of cellulose nitratesc. A pharmaceutic aidd. None of the abovee. All of the above
None of the above
56
These are natural hydrocolloids that may be ionic, anionic or salts of polysaccharides:a. Mucilages b. Carbohydrates c. Colloidsd. Gumse. None of the above
Gums/Mucilages
57
The following are sources of commercially useful gums except:a. Marine gums b. Seed gums c. Flower gumsd. Microbial gumse. All of the above
Flower gums
58
Pharmacognosy embraces ___.a. Cultivation, collection and preparation of herbal plantsb. Commence, Identification and preservation of drugsc. All of the aboved. None of the above
All of the above
59
Stages in the preparation of drugs for the commercial market involves:a. Handwashing b. Garbling and drying c. Packaging, storage and preservationd. All of the abovee. None of the above
All of the above
60
Organoleptic evaluation of drugs involves:a. Macroscopic appearance of drugs b. The “snap” or “fracture” of a plant drug c. The “feel” of the drug to the touchd. All of the abovee. None of the above
All of the above
61
In pharmacognosy, drugs maybe classified based on the following, except:a. Their price in the market b. Their morphology c. Their chemical constituentsd. Their therapeutic applicatione. None of the above
Their price in the market
62
All are drugs consisting of cremocarp fruits, except:a. Anise b. Fennel c. Carawayd. Cassiae. None of the above
Cassia
63
All are drugs belonging to the Fam. Lamiaceae except:a. Spearmint b. Rosemary c. Peppermintd. Thymee. None of the above
None of the above
64
All drugs affect Gi tract functioning, except:a. Cascara Sagrada b. Senna c. Coconutd. Podophyllume. None of the above
Coconut
65
All are inert constituents, except:a. Vitexin b. Cellulose c. Suberind. Cutine. None of the above
Vitexin
66
The following factors influence secondary constituents of the plant drugs, except:a. Heredity b. Ontogeny c. Commerced. Environmente. None of the above
Commerce
67
Drugs of the 21st century are those that can cure ___.a. AIDS b. Parkinsonismc. None of the aboved. All of the above
All of the above
68
Resin and resin combinations include:a. Oleoresins b. Balsamsc. All of the aboved. None of the above
All of the above
69
Glycosides are compounds that:a. Yield sugars as products of hydrolysisb. Has beta-D-glucose as its most frequent occurring sugarc. Contain an active aglyconed. All of the abovee. None of the above
All of the above
70
The non-sugar component of glycosides is known as ___.a. Aglycone b. Glycone c. Acetalsd. Sugar etherse. None of the above
Aglycone
71
Glycosides are important in plant life since they have:a. Regulatory functions b. Protective functions c. Sanitary functionsd. All of the abovee. None of the above
All of the above
72
Cardiac glycosides are obtained from:a. Gamboges b. Strophantus c. Opiumd. All of the abovee. None of the above
Strophantus
73
Glycosides hydrolysed by the enzyme___ are considered having beta orientation:a. Ptyalin b. Myrosinase c. Emulsin d. Synthasee. None of the above
Emulsin
74
Based on the chemical nature of the aglycone, glycosides may be classified as:a. Saponin-contaning b. Cyanophooric c. Flavonoidsd. All of the abovee. None of the above
All of the above
75
Anthraquinone glycosides are exemplified by the following except:a. Digitalis b. Cascara sagrada c. Frangulad. All of the abovee. None of the above
Digitalis
76
The microorganism involved in the biosynthetic study of anthraquinone glycoside is ___.a. Escherichia coli b. Penicillium notatum c. Penicillium islandicumd. Staphylococcus aureuse. None of the above
Penicillium islandicum
77
Another name for which frangula in known for is ___.a. Cinnamon bark b. Buckthorn bark c. Cascara sagrada barkd. Cascara barke. Cassia bark
Buckthorn bark
78
Aloe is the dried late of the leaves of ___.a. A. barbadensis Miller b. A. ferox Miller c. A. spicata Bakerd. All of the abovee. None of the above
All of the above
79
Aloe barnadensis Miller is known in commerce as ___.a. Cape aloe b. Aloe Vera c. Century plant curacao aloed. Aloe emodine. None of the above
Aloe emodin
80
The principal anthraquinone glysoside of aloe is ___.a. Barbaloin b. Aloin c. Iso-barbaloind. Aloe emodine. None of the above
Barbaloin
81
The principal constituent of rhubarb is ___.a. Rhein anthrone b. Emodin c. Oxanthroned. Chrysophanole. Aloe emodin
Rhein anthrone
82
Lipids is a collective term used to describea. Fixed oils b. Fats c. Waxesd. All of the abovee. None of the above
All of the above
83
The following chemical constants are used to characterize lipids, except:a. Acid number b. Iodine number c. Saponification Valued. None of the abovee. All of the above
None of the above
84
The resulting oil obtained by reacting sulfuric acid with the oil under chilling temp. is referred to as ___.a. Sulfurated oil b. Sulfuration oil c. Sulfonation oil d. Sulfonated oile. None of the above
Sulfonated oil
85
A toxic lectin content of castor bean is ___.a. Ricinine b. Ricinic acid c. Triricinoleind. Ricine. Nucleoalbumin
Ricin
86
A fixed oil used as a plasticizer in flexible collodion is ___.a. Olive oil b. Peanut oil c. Soybean oil d. Castor oile. Sesame oil
Castor oil
87
A fixed oil obtained from the ripe fruit of a plant sometimes referred to as sweet oil:a. Olive oil b. Peanut oil c. Soybean oild. Castor oile. Sesame oil
Olive oil
88
Arachis oil is another name for ___.a. Olive oil b. Peanut oil c. Soybean oild. Castor oile. Sesame oil
Peanut oil
89
The ripe seed of Glycine soja is the source of ___.a. Olive oil b. Peanut oil c. Soybean oild. Castor oile. Sesame oil
Soybean oil
90
Teel oil or benne oil are other names for ___.a. Olive oil b. Peanut oil c. Soybean oild. Castor oile. Sesame oil
Sesame oil
91
Cottonseed oil is refined by filtering, decolorizing and “winter-chilling”. The last step is done to remove ___.a. Palmitin b. Myristicin c. Lanolind. Stearine. Arecoline
Stearin
92
A fixed oil termed as “food of the gods”a. Theobroma oil b. Sunflower oil c. Peanut oild. Safflower oile. Coconut oil
Theobroma oil
93
A substance obtained from the head of the sperm whale, Physeter macrocephalus L.a. Spermaceti b. Cetyl ester wax c. Cetyl alcohold. Stearyl alcohole. Cetyl laurate
Spermaceti
94
All are terms used to refer to volatile oils, except:a. Essences b. Essential oils c. Ethereal oils d. Olii distillatie. None of the above
None of the above
95
The following are methods of obtaining volatile oils, except:a. Steam distillation b. Enzymatic hydrolysis c. Expression d. All of the abovee. None of the above
All of the above
96
The process of ___ was formerly used extensively in the production of perfumes and pomades.a. Expression b. Ecuelle c. Enfleuraged. Solvent extractione. Destructive distillation
Enfleurage
97
By-products of destructive distillation includes the following, except:a. Charcoal b. Methyl alcohol c. Crude acetic acidd. All of the abovee. None of the above
None of the above
98
All are volatile constituents of peppermint oil, except:a. Menthol b. Menthyl acetate c. Carvacrold. Limonenee. Menthone
Carvacrol
99
The following chemical compounds are known eleoptenes, except:a. Menthol b. Thymol c. Anetholed. All of the abovee. None of the above
All of the above
100
The basic unit of terpenes is ___.a. Eleoptene b. Stereoptene c. Isoprened. Sesquiterpene e. Diterpene
Isoprene
101
Volatile oils and volatile-containing drugs are categorized as a. Alcohols b. Ketones c. Estersd. All of the abovee. None of the above
All of the above
102
These are products composed of antigenic matter or antibody preparations capable of developing a state of immunity in the patient. a. Antibiotics b. Alllergensc. Biologics d. Peptide hormones
Biologics
103
This is the undissolved portion of the drug that remains after the extraction process is completed.a. Menstrum b. Marcc. Extractived. Chief constituent
Marc
104
Purpose/s of drying:I. Ensure good keeping qualitiesII. Facilitate milling and grindingIII. Permit the action of enzymes and bacteriaIV. It fixes the constituentsa. I and II b. III only c. I, II, IIId. I, II, IV
I, II, IV
105
This refers to intrinsic value of drug.a. Quality b. Quantity c. Chemical constituentsd. Secondary constituents
Quality
106
This classification of drug considers the natural relationship or phylogeny existing among plants and animals.a. Morphologic Classification b. Taxonomic Classification c. Pharmacologic classificationd. Chemical classification
Taxonomic classification
107
Cellulose,lignin and suberin are regarded as ___.a. Pharmaceutically active constituents b. Pharmacoligically active c. Inert constituentsd. Active constituents
Inert constituents
108
These are organic catalysts produced by living organisms.a. Enzymes and proteins b. Biologics c. Vitaminsd. Peptide hormones
Enzymes and proteins
109
This is a polysaccharide composed of glucose units joined by beta-1,4 linkages and usually form the primary cell wall of the plants.a. Suberin b. Lignin c. Cutind. Cellulose
Cellulose
110
The most important monosaccharides found in plants and from which most of the polysaccharides are constructed.a. Pentoses b. Hexoses c. Aldosesd. Ketoses
Hexoses
111
The milk left after separation of the cream.a. Butter b. Buttermilk c. Skimmed milkd. Condensed milk
Skimmed milk
112
This is prepared by partial evaporation of milk in a vacuum and consequent sterilization in hermetically sealed containers by autoclaving.a. Butter b. Buttermilk c. Skimmed milkd. Condensed milk
Condensed milk
113
A hexahydric alcohol obtained by reduction of mannose and by isolation of manna.a. Mannitol b. Fructose c. Sucrosed. Dextrose
Mannitol
114
An α-1,6 linked that is formed from sucrose by the action of a transglucosylase enzyme system present in Leuconostoc mesenteroides.a. Inulin b. Dextrose c. Dextrand. Dextrin
Dextran
115
This is the product obtained by the action of a mixture of nitric and sulphuric acids on cotton.a. Methylcellulose b. Gums c. Collodiond. Pyroxylin
Pyroxylin
116
This is the gum exuding from natural injuries is more or less wormlike and is twisted into coils.a. Vermifrom tragacanth b. Tragacanth sorts c. Ribbon gumd. Flake gum
Vermiform tragacanth
117
This purified carbohydrate product obtained from the dilute acid extract of the innerportion of the rind of citrus fruits and apple pomacea. Xanthan gum b. Locust bean gum c. Pectind. Papain
Pectin
118
Which of the following pairs is correct?a. Frangula-anthraquinone glycoside b. Aloe-saponin glycoside c. Senna-phenol glycosided. Dioscorea-cyanophore glycoside
Frangula-anthraquinone glycoside
119
Use of chrysarobina. Cathartic b. Condiment c. Flavorantd. Keratolytic
Keratolytic
120
The excrescence obtained from the young twigs of Quercus infectoriaa. Tannic acid b. Quercetin c. Nutgalld. Psoralens
Nutgall
121
It indicates the number of milligrams of Potassium hydroxide required to neutralize the free acids and Saponify the esters contained in 1 gram of substance.a. Acid value b. Saponification value c. Iodine valued. Ester value
Saponification value
122
An iodine addition product of the ethyl ester of the fatty acids of poppy seeds.a. Sunflower oil b. Theobroma oil c. Ethiodized oil injectiond. Persic oil
Ethiodized oil injection
123
Which of the following statement/s pertaining to lanolin is correct?I. Fatlike substance from the wool of Ovies ariesII. It contains not more than 0.25% of waterIII. It is referred to as wool fatIV. It is used as water-absorbable ointment basea. I only b. I and III c. II and IIId. I and IV
I and IV
124
This is a precursor of folic acid.a. Choline b. Inositol c. Biotind. PABA
PABA
125
It is one of the ingredients of the embalming of the Egyptians.a. Benzoin b. Tolu balsam c. Myrrhd. Resin
Myrrh
126
The following statement pertain to morphine, except:a. The most important of the opium alkaloidsb. The molecule contains an aldehyde and ketonec. Morphine is a phenanthrene derivatived. Morphine is classed as narcotic analgesics
The molecule contains an aldehyde and ketone
127
Strychnine and brucine belong to:a. Ergot alkaloids b. Isoquinoline alkaloids c. Indole alkaloidsd. Cinchona alkaloids
Indole alkaloids
128
An ergot alkaloid that used in the treatment of migraine.a. Ergotamine tartrate b. Ergonovine maleate c. Methylergonovine maleated. Ergotoxine
Ergotamine tartrate
129
Volatile oils:I. Cannot be distilled from natural sourcesII. Consists of glyceryl esters of fatty acidsIII. Leave a permanent grease spot on paperIV. Do not become rancida. I, II, III b. II and III c. III onlyd. IV only
IV only
130
Cineole is an example of:a. Alkaloid b. Fixed oil c. Tannind. Volatile oil
Volatile oil
131
Dopamine is:I. 4,3- dihydroxyphenylethylamineII. Acts directly to stimulate beta-2 receptorsIII. Biosynthetic precursor of norepinephrine and epinephrineIV. Use to treat patients with acute hypertensiona. II and III b. I only c. III onlyd. I, III, IV
III only
132
The following conditions characterized thyroid hyperactivity, except:a. Muscle weakness with tremorb. Loss of body weight and fatc. Increase in heart rate and blood pressured. Increase tolerance to heat but intolerance to cold
Increase tolerance to heat but intolerance to cold
133
This hormone regulates the threshold for resorption of water by the epithelium of the renal Tubules and has an antidiuretic principle.a. Vasopressin b. Oxytocin c. Adrenocorticotropind. Chorionic gonadotropin
Vasopressin
134
This is a gonad-stimulating polypeptide hormone obtained from the urine of pregnant womena. Vasopressin b. Oxytocin c. Adrenocorticotropind. Chorionic gonadotropin
Chorionic gonadotropin
135
These are non-protein organic compounds.a. Activators b. Coenzymes c. Enzymesd. Pepsin
Coenzymes
136
This is a fermenting enzyme that causes the conversion of monosaccharides into alcohol and Carbon dioxide a. Amylase b. Invertase c. Zymased. Ptyalin
Zymase
137
A lipolytic enzyme capable of digesting dietary fat.a. Lipase b. Pectase c. Steapsind. Urease
Steapsin
138
This is a mixture of protein-digesting enzyme and milk clotting enzymes obtain from the juice of Anonas comosus.a. Papain b. Bromelaine c. Trypsind. Chymopapain
Bromelaine
139
This is naturally occurring pyridine derivative that prevents pellagra.a. Riboflavin b. Niacin c. Pyridoxined. Menadione
Niacin
140
In this type of immunity, the antigenic substances may be received by the body in a natural mannera. Naturally acquired active immunityb. Artificially acquired active immunityc. Naturally acquired passive immunityd. Artificially acquired passive immunity
Naturally acquired active immunity
141
These are complex neutral substances devoid of characteristic chemical propertiesa. Resin alcohols b. resenes c. glycoresinsd. rosin
Resenes
142
A resinous exudate from Pistacia lentiscus that is used in the form of dental varnish to seal cavitiesa. Eriodictyon b. Jalap c. Masticd. Kava
Mastic
143
Ergosterol is:a. Principal sterol in soybeans b. Known as provitamin D2 c. Widely distributed throughout the plant kingdomd. One of the chief constituent of lanolin
Known as provitamin D2
144
The following statement pertain to glucagon, except:a. It is produced by the β-cellsb. Exert counterbalancing action on carbohydrate metabolism in the body.c. Elicits a hyperglycemic response in the bodyd. It is formed by α-cells
It is produced by the β-cells
145
This enzyme causes the hydrolysis of fats into glycerin and fatty acidsa. Pectase b. Lipase c. Ureased. Trypsin
Lipase
146
This enzyme bring about the oxidation reactions that cause the discoloration of bruise fruits.a. Peroxidase b. Zymase c. Pepsind. Trypsin
Peroxidase
147
A balsam obtained from the trunk of Liquidambar orientalis that is used as a pharmaceutic aid for compound benzoin tincture.a. Peruvian balsam b. Tolu balsam c. Storaxd. Styrax
Storax
148
Which of the following is correct?a. Veratrum viride- steroidal alkaloids b. Pilocarpine- alkaloidal amines c. Ephedrine-purine basesd. Caffeine-imidazole alkaloid
Veratrum viride- steroidal alkaloids
149
This is a flour sifted from the ground seed of Glycine soja that is used in the detection of Urea nitrogen in blood serum.a. Soybean oil b. Soybean cake c. Soybean meald. Hydrogenated soybean oil
Soybean meal
150
This is purified preparation of gonadotropins obtained from the urine of postmenopausal womena. Choriogonadotropin b. Urogonadotropin c. Somatropind. Gonadorelin
Urogonadotropin
151
This hormone is used in the treatment of Paget’s disease and postmenopausal osteoporosis.a. Calcitonin b. Insulin c. Calciumd. Cholecystokinin
Calcitonin
152
Glycosides non-sugar moiety is called.a. Aglycone b. Agenin c. Glucosided. Glycone
Aglycone
153
Glycosides can be hydrolzed by:a. Alcohol b. Heat c. Glucosided. Glycone
Heat
154
Volatile oils are differentiated from fixed oils bya. Acrolein test b. Iodine test c. Osazone testd. Spot test
Spot test
155
The following statements are true about volatile oils, except.a. They are odoriferous principles of plants and animalsb. Most are soluble in alcoholc. They are optically actived. Refractive indices are usually in range
Refractive indices are usually in range
156
These are substances grouped together on the basis of their insolubility in water and solubility in most organic solvents.a. Alkaloids b. Carbohydrates c. Lipidsd. Proteins
Lipids
157
The following statement about alkaloids are true, except:a. They contain nitrogenb. Most of them are physiologically active even in small amounts.c. Alkaloidal salts are soluble in organic solventsd. They are precipitated by Mayer’s reagent, Wagner’s reagent and Valser’s reagent.
Alkaloidal salts are soluble in organic solvents
158
The _____ group of alkaloids are derived from Papaver somniferum (Fam. Papaveraceae)a. Cinchona alkaloids b. Ergot alkaloids c. Opium alkaloidsd. Vinca alkaloids
Opium alkaloids
159
The genus Cinchona (Fam. Rubiaceae) produce the ____ group of alkaloids.a. Piperidine alkaloids b. Pyridine alkaloids c. Quinoline alkaloidsd. Tropane alkaloids
Quinoline alkaloids
160
The most characteristic physiological property of alkaloids from family Solanaceae is their ___.a. Analgesic effect b. Anti-inflammatory effect c. Miotic effectd. Mydriatic effect
Mydriatic effect
161
Vinca alkaloids are pharmacologically used as _____.a. Anti-cholinergic b. Anti–hypertensive c. Anti-neoplasticd. Anti-malarial agents
Anti-neoplastic
162
The building blocks of polyketides are ___.a. Acetyl CoAb. Dimethyl allyl pyrophosphatec. Isopentyl pyrophosphated. Phosphoenol pyruvate
Acetyl CoA
163
Aromatic amino acids are produced from the ____ pathway.a. Acetate b. Peptide c. Mevalonated. Shikimate
Shikimate
164
It is the predominant fatty acid constituent of rapeseed oil from Brassica napus (Brassicaceae)a. Erucic acid b. Linoleic acid c. Linolenic acidd. Oleic acid
Erucic acid
165
____ is the amino acid precursor of indole alkaloids via anthranilic acid.a. L-histidine b. L- lysine c. L-tryptophand. L-tyrosine
L-tryptophan
166
____ is the active anti-depressant constituent of St. John’s worta. Hypericin b. Khellin c. Rutind. Valtrate
Hypericin
167
Artemsin from Artemisia annua is clinically used to treat drug resistant ____ infections.a. Mycobacterium b. Neisseria c. Plasmodiumd. Salmonella
Plasmodium
168
Mevastatin is areversible competitive inhibitor of the enzyme ____.a. Chalcone synthase b. Dihydrofolate reductase c. HMG-COA reductased. Phenylalanine ammonia lyase
HMG-CoA reductase
169
_____ are the insecticidal components of Chrysanthemum cinerariaefolium (Asteraceae)a. Parthenolides b. Pyrethrins c. Sapogeninsd. Valepotriates
Pyrethrins
170
Erythromycin belongs to the ____ class of antibiotics.a. Aminoglycosides b. Cephalosporins c. Macrolidesd. Tetracyclines
Cephalosporins
171
___ is a broad spectrum antibiotic from Streptomyces aureofaciens.a. Cephalexin b. Gentamicin c. Spectinomycind. Tetracycline
Tetracycline
172
Non-sugar component of glycosides.a. Aglycone b. Glycone c. Glycosidased. Glycolase
Aglycone
173
All belong to anthrax quinone group of glycosides, except:a. Anthranols b. Saponins c. Aloin-typed. Oxanthrones
Saponins
174
Flavonoid glycosides are abundant in the following plant families:a. Polygoneaceae b. Rutaceae c. Umbelliferaed. All of the above
All of the above
175
The red color obtained from cathecol tannins is due to the presence of ____?a. Phenol b. Ellagic acid c. Phlobaphened. Gallic acids
Phlobaphene
176
A Substance present in soybean that can be found in number of proprietary products that are useful in controlling derange lipid and cholesterol metabolism. a. Ergosterol b. Lecithin c. Resind. Ricin
Lecithin
177
A substance obtained from the lipid fraction of soybeans and can be used as a precursor for steroidal hormones.a. Cholesterol b. Ergosterol c. Prostaglandind. Stigmasterol
Stigmasterol
178
Drugs no longer found in the latest edition of USP/NF is called:a. Official drugs b. Unofficial drugs c. Non-official drugsd. Drugs under study
Unofficial drugs
179
Debasement of an article is a term known as ____?a. Adulterants b. Sophistication c. Admixtured. Spoilage
Adulterants
180
He attempted to separate superstitious belief from fact in his writing on the animal kingdom.a. Hippocrates b. Dioscorides c. Aristotled. Paracelsus
Aristotle
181
Descriptive materials pertaining to any drugs or preparation in the official book.a. Official title b. Category c. Monograph of drugsd. Official drug
Monograph of drugs
182
Which ancient civilization wrote the Ebers Papyrus which contained medicinal uses of plants and animals.a. Greeks b. Egyptians c. Sumeriand. Babylonians
Egyptians
183
Which of the following evaluation is best use in the determination of adulterants and powdered drugs?a. Chemical b. Physical c. Biologicald. Microscopic
Microscopic
184
The 1st detectable sugar synthesized by plants and form units from which most polysaccharides are constructed.a. Glucose b. Sucrose c. Starchd. Hexose
Hexose
185
These are higher plants and fungi that produce toxic effects when introduced into the human body.a. Pesticide b. Antibiotic c. Allergensd. Poisonous plants
Poisonous plants
186
These are substances that relieve abdominal pain by expelling gas from the stomach and intestines.a. Antidote b. Analgesic c. Anticolicd. Anodyne
Anticolic
187
What is the substance present in chitin that cannot be found in cellulose?a. Hydroxyl acid b. Acetamide c. Galacturonic acidd. Esters
Galacturonic acid
188
An acid which is considered as a universal precursor for fatty acids lipids and other organic plant products.a. Gallic acid b. Malic acid c. Citric acidd. Acetic acid
Acetic acid
189
A mutant enzyme that has been developed that can form glycosidic bonds on excellent yield.a. Glycosyl transferase b. Glycosyl enzyme c. Glycosynthased. Glycosyl transferase
Glycosynthase
190
Which among the glycoside is cultivated on lands resembling rice paddies?a. Frangula b. Rheum c. Sennad. Cascara
Senna
191
Which of the following health problems could aggravate by increased consumption of large quantities of licorice?a. Peptic ulcer b. Addison’s disease c. Gastric acidityd. Hypertension
Hypertension
192
What is the pungent-tasting oil that is produced by hydrolysis of Sinapsis alba?a. Mustard oil b. Sinalbin c. Acrinylisothiocyanated. Allyisothiocyanate
Acrinylisothiocyanate
193
An acid known as sugar acid with antioxidant property.a. Lactic acid b. Tartaric acid c. Ascorbic acidd. Malic acid
Ascorbic acid
194
A muscle toxin acids which inhibit the production of malic acid in high doses causes paralysis and death.a. Lactic acid b. Tartaric acid c. Citric acidd. Fumaric acid
Lactic acid
195
An acid obtained from coffee beans that is used in the treatment of influenza A and B strain called TAMIFLUa. O-coumaric acid b. Shikimic acid c. Tannic acidd. Quinic acid
Quinic acid
196
What is the chemical substance that contain acetic acid and it could be used in the formulation of WOODGLUE?a. Polyvinyl acetate b. Phenyl acetate c. Cinnamyl acetated. Ascorbic acid
Polyvinyl acetate
197
An alkaloid used to reduce rigidity and tremors for those suffering from parkinson’s disease.a. Atropine b. Hyoscine c. Hyoscyamined. Scopolamine
Hyoscyamine
198
An alkaloidal plant that could be used in the eyes causing dilation of the pupil of the eye giving a striking appearance.a. Nicotiana leaf b. Belladonna leaf c. Coca leafd. Arrow root
Belladonna leaf
199
Which of the following amino acids is the least used as precursor in the biosynthesis of alkaloid?a. Phenylalanine b. Adenine c. Ornithined. Tyrosine
Adenine
200
Most common reserved carbohydratesf. Gumsg. Citric acidh. Starchi. Enzymes/acidsj. Mucilages
Starch
201
Hydrolyzes glycosidic linkages.f. Gumsg. Citric acidh. Starchi. Enzymes/acidsj. Mucilages
Enzymes/acids
202
Grains produced by plants belonging to Fam. Poaceaea. Plant acidsb. Amylopectinc. Iodine TSd. Pectic Substancese. Cereals
Cereals
203
A reagent used to test the presence of starch.a. Plant acidsb. Amylopectinc. Iodine TSd. Pectic Substancese. Cereals
Iodine TS
204
A component of starcha. Plant acidsb. Amylopectinc. Iodine TSd. Pectic Substancese. Cereals
Amylopectin
205
Swells when dispersed in water to form gelsf. Gumsg. Citric acidh. Starchi. Enzymes/acidsj. Mucilages
Gums
206
Most widely distributed acidf. Gumsg. Citric acidh. Starchi. Enzymes/acidsj. Mucilages
Citric acid
207
Concerned with the inhibition and holding of waterf. Gumsg. Citric acidh. Starchi. Enzymes/acidsj. Mucilages
Mucilages
208
Component of cell walla. Plant acidsb. Amylopectinc. Iodine TSd. Pectic substancese. Cereals
Pectic substances
209
Contains 2 to 3 carboxyl groupsa. Plant acidsb. Amylopectinc. Iodine TSd. Pectic substancese. Cereals
Plant acids
210
Test for Cottonseed oila. Bouduin testb. Millon's testc. Serger reactiond. Halphen test
Halphen test
211
Test for Olive oila. Bouduin testb. Millon's testc. Serger reactiond. Halphen test
Millon's test
212
Test for Sesame oila. Bouduin testb. Millon's testc. Serger reactiond. Halphen test
Serger reaction
213
Test for Vegetable oilsa. Bouduin testb. Millon's testc. Serger reactiond. Halphen test
Bouduin test
214
Cinnamon oil obtained from:f. Dried, Unripe fruitg. Rhizomeh. Heartwoodi. Dried, Root barkj. Dried bark
Dried bark
215
Sassafras oil obtained from:f. Dried, Unripe fruitg. Rhizomeh. Heartwoodi. Dried, Root barkj. Dried bark
Dried, Root bark
216
Sandalwood oil obtained from:f. Dried, Unripe fruitg. Rhizomeh. Heartwoodi. Dried, Root barkj. Dried bark
Heartwood
217
Orris oil obtained from:f. Dried, Unripe fruitg. Rhizomeh. Heartwoodi. Dried, Root barkj. Dried bark
Rhizome
218
Oil of pepper obtained from:f. Dried, Unripe fruitg. Rhizomeh. Heartwoodi. Dried, Root barkj. Dried bark
Dried, Unripe fruit
219
Cardamom oil obtained from:a. Seedsb. Lead and flowering topsc. Leavesd. Flower budsE. Fruit
Fruit
220
Clove oil obtained from:a. Seedsb. Lead and flowering topsc. Leavesd. Flower budsE. Fruit
Flower buds
221
Tanglad oil obtained from:a. Seedsb. Lead and flowering topsc. Leavesd. Flower budsE. Fruit
Leaves
222
Oregano oil obtained from:a. Seedsb. Lead and flowering topsc. Leavesd. Flower budsE. Fruit
Lead and flowering tops
223
Mustard oil obtained from:a. Seedsb. Lead and flowering topsc. Leavesd. Flower budsE. Fruit
Seeds
224
Plant constituents of Digitalis:f. Arbuting. Sinalbinh. Digitoxini. Emodin-oxanthronej. Prunasin
Digitoxin
225
Plant constituents of Aloea. Amygdalinb. Emodinc. Steroidal saponind. Mannihotoxine. Sinigrinf. Arbuting. Sinalbinh. Digitoxini. Emodin-oxanthronej. Prunasin
Emodin
226
Plant constituents of Cascara sagradaf. Arbuting. Sinalbinh. Digitoxini. Emodin-oxanthronej. Prunasin
Emodin-oxanthrone
227
Plant constituents of Yama. Amygdalinb. Emodinc. Steroidal saponind. Mannihotoxine. Sinigrin
Steroidal saponin
228
Plant constituents of Bitter almonda. Amygdalinb. Emodinc. Steroidal saponind. Mannihotoxine. Sinigrin
Amygdalin
229
Plant constituents of Wild cherryf. Arbuting. Sinalbinh. Digitoxini. Emodin-oxanthronej. Prunasin
Prunasin
230
Plant constituents of Cassavaa. Amygdalinb. Emodinc. Steroidal saponind. Mannihotoxine. Sinigrin
Mannihotoxin
231
Plant constituents of Black mustarda. Amygdalinb. Emodinc. Steroidal saponind. Mannihotoxine. Sinigrin
Sinigrin
232
Plant constituents of white mustardf. Arbuting. Sinalbinh. Digitoxini. Emodin-oxanthronej. Prunasin
Sinalbin
233
Plant constituents of uya ursif. Arbuting. Sinalbinh. Digitoxini. Emodin-oxanthronej. Prunasin
Arbutin
234
Scientific name of MagueyF. Enatada phaseoloides (L.) Merr.G. Nerium indicum Mill.H. Cassia alata L.I. Aloe vera L.J. Agave cantala Roxb.
Agave cantala Roxb.
235
Scientific name of SabilaF. Enatada phaseoloides (L.) Merr.G. Nerium indicum Mill.H. Cassia alata L.I. Aloe vera L.J. Agave cantala Roxb.
Aloe vera L.
236
Scientific name of AkapulkoF. Enatada phaseoloides (L.) Merr.G. Nerium indicum Mill.H. Cassia alata L.I. Aloe vera L.J. Agave cantala Roxb.
Cassia alata L.
237
Scientific name of AdelfaF. Enatada phaseoloides (L.) Merr.G. Nerium indicum Mill.H. Cassia alata L.I. Aloe vera L.J. Agave cantala Roxb.
Nerium indicum Mill.
238
Scientific name of GogoF. Enatada phaseoloides (L.) Merr.G. Nerium indicum Mill.H. Cassia alata L.I. Aloe vera L.J. Agave cantala Roxb.
Enatada phaseoloides (L.) Merr.
239
Scientific name of KalachuchiA. Citrus grandiflora OsbeckB. Citrus auratium L.C. Cassia fistula L.D. Quassia amara L.E. Plumiera acuminate Ait.
Plumiera acuminate Ait.
240
Scientific name of KuasiaA. Citrus grandiflora OsbeckB. Citrus auratium L.C. Cassia fistula L.D. Quassia amara L.E. Plumiera acuminate Ait.
Quassia amara L.
241
Scientific name of FistulaA. Citrus grandiflora OsbeckB. Citrus auratium L.C. Cassia fistula L.D. Quassia amara L.E. Plumiera acuminate Ait.
Cassia fistula L.
242
Scientific name of CajelA. Citrus grandiflora OsbeckB. Citrus auratium L.C. Cassia fistula L.D. Quassia amara L.E. Plumiera acuminate Ait.
Citrus auratium L.
243
Scientific name of LukbanA. Citrus grandiflora OsbeckB. Citrus auratium L.C. Cassia fistula L.D. Quassia amara L.E. Plumiera acuminate Ait.
Citrus grandiflora Osbeck
244
Scientific name of KasuyF. Persea Americana Mill.G. Croton tiglium L.H. Sterculia foetida L.I. Gossypium hirsutum L.J. Anacardium occidentale L.
Anacardium occidentale L.
245
Scientific name of PeanutA. Carthamus tinctorius L.B. Moringa oleiferaC. Glycine max (L.) Merr.D. Arachis hypogea L.E. Lycopodium clavatum L.
Arachis hypogea L.
246
Scientific name of SafflowerA. Carthamus tinctorius L.B. Moringa oleiferaC. Glycine max (L.) Merr.D. Arachis hypogea L.E. Lycopodium clavatum L.
Carthamus tinctorius L.
247
Scientific name of CrotonF. Persea Americana Mill.G. Croton tiglium L.H. Sterculia foetida L.I. Gossypium hirsutum L.J. Anacardium occidentale L.
Croton tiglium L.
248
Scientific name of SoybeanA. Carthamus tinctorius L.B. Moringa oleiferaC. Glycine max (L.) Merr.D. Arachis hypogea L.E. Lycopodium clavatum L.
Glycine max (L.) Merr.
249
Scientific name of CottonseedF. Persea Americana Mill.G. Croton tiglium L.H. Sterculia foetida L.I. Gossypium hirsutum L.J. Anacardium occidentale L.
Gossypium hirsutum L.
250
Scientific name of MalunggayA. Carthamus tinctorius L.B. Moringa oleiferaC. Glycine max (L.) Merr.D. Arachis hypogea L.E. Lycopodium clavatum L.
Moringa oleifera
251
Scientific name of KalumpangF. Persea Americana Mill.G. Croton tiglium L.H. Sterculia foetida L.I. Gossypium hirsutum L.J. Anacardium occidentale L.
Sterculia foetida L.
252
Scientific name of LicopodioA. Carthamus tinctorius L.B. Moringa oleiferaC. Glycine max (L.) Merr.D. Arachis hypogea L.E. Lycopodium clavatum L.
Lycopodium clavatum L.
253
Scientific name of AvocadoF. Persea Americana Mill.G. Croton tiglium L.H. Sterculia foetida L.I. Gossypium hirsutum L.J. Anacardium occidentale L.
Persea americana Mill.
254
Scientific name of ChicoA. Mangifera indica L.B. Ficus benjamina L.C. Canarium Iluzonicum (Blume) A. GrayD. Calophyllum inophyllum L.E. Achras sappota L.
Achras sappota L.
255
Scientific name of BitaogA. Mangifera indica L.B. Ficus benjamina L.C. Canarium Iluzonicum (Blume) A. GrayD. Calophyllum inophyllum L.E. Achras sappota L.
Calophyllum inophyllum L.
256
Scientific name of PiliA. Mangifera indica L.B. Ficus benjamina L.C. Canarium Iluzonicum (Blume) A. GrayD. Calophyllum inophyllum L.E. Achras sappota L.
Canarium iluzonicum (Blume) A. Gray
257
Scientific name of BaleteA. Mangifera indica L.B. Ficus benjamina L.C. Canarium Iluzonicum (Blume) A. GrayD. Calophyllum inophyllum L.E. Achras sappota L.
Ficus benjamina L.
258
Scientific name of ManggaA. Mangifera indica L.B. Ficus benjamina L.C. Canarium Iluzonicum (Blume) A. GrayD. Calophyllum inophyllum L.E. Achras sappota L.
Mangifera indica L.
259
Scientific name of Siling labuyoF. Curcuma zedoaria (Berg) RoscoeG. Curcuma longa L.H. Garcinia mangostana L.I. Lansium domesticum CorreaJ. Capsicum frutescens L.
Capsicum frutescens L.
260
Scientific name of LansonesF. Curcuma zedoaria (Berg) RoscoeG. Curcuma longa L.H. Garcinia mangostana L.I. Lansium domesticum CorreaJ. Capsicum frutescens L.
Lansium domesticum Correa
261
Scientific name of MangosteneF. Curcuma zedoaria (Berg) RoscoeG. Curcuma longa L.H. Garcinia mangostana L.I. Lansium domesticum CorreaJ. Capsicum frutescens L.
Garcinia mangostana L.
262
Scientific name of DilawF. Curcuma zedoaria (Berg) RoscoeG. Curcuma longa L.H. Garcinia mangostana L.I. Lansium domesticum CorreaJ. Capsicum frutescens L.
Curcuma longa L.
263
Scientific name of Luya-luyahanF. Curcuma zedoaria (Berg) RoscoeG. Curcuma longa L.H. Garcinia mangostana L.I. Lansium domesticum CorreaJ. Capsicum frutescens L.
Curcuma zedoaria (Berg) Roscoe
264
Scientific name of DitaA. Alstonia scholaris (L.) R. Br.B. Phaeanthus ebracteolatus (Presl.) Merr.C. Anona muricata L.D. Sophora tomentosa L.E. Areca catechu L.
Alstonia scholaris (L.) R. Br.
265
Scientific name of GuyabanoA. Alstonia scholaris (L.) R. Br.B. Phaeanthus ebracteolatus (Presl.) Merr.C. Anona muricata L.D. Sophora tomentosa L.E. Areca catechu L.
Anona muricata L.
266
Scientific name of AnonasF. Anona squamosal L.G. Anona reticulata L.H. Tinospora rumphii Boerl.I. Lunasia amara BlancoJ. Datura arborea L.
Anona reticulata L.
267
Scientific names of AtisF. Anona squamosal L.G. Anona reticulata L.H. Tinospora rumphii Boerl.I. Lunasia amara BlancoJ. Datura arborea L.
Anona squamosal L.
268
Scientific name of LunasF. Anona squamosal L.G. Anona reticulata L.H. Tinospora rumphii Boerl.I. Lunasia amara BlancoJ. Datura arborea L.
Lunasia amara Blanco
269
Scientific name of KalimatasA. Alstonia scholaris (L.) R. Br.B. Phaeanthus ebracteolatus (Presl.) Merr.C. Anona muricata L.D. Sophora tomentosa L.E. Areca catechu L.
Phaeanthus ebracteolatus (Presl.) Merr.
270
Scientific name of MakabuhayF. Anona squamosal L.G. Anona reticulata L.H. Tinospora rumphii Boerl.I. Lunasia amara BlancoJ. Datura arborea L.
Tinospora rumphii Boerl.
271
Scientific name of BungaA. Alstonia scholaris (L.) R. Br.B. Phaeanthus ebracteolatus (Presl.) Merr.C. Anona muricata L.D. Sophora tomentosa L.E. Areca catechu L.
Areca catechu L.
272
Scientific name of Angel's trumphetF. Anona squamosal L.G. Anona reticulata L.H. Tinospora rumphii Boerl.I. Lunasia amara BlancoJ. Datura arborea L.
Datura arborea L.
273
Scientific name of TambalisaA. Alstonia scholaris (L.) R. Br.B. Phaeanthus ebracteolatus (Presl.) Merr.C. Anona muricata L.D. Sophora tomentosa L.E. Areca catechu L.
Sophora tomentosa L.
274
Scientific name of GabiA. Aleurites moluccana (L.) Willd.B. Calophyllum inophyllum L.C. Jatorpha curcas L.D. Anarcadium occidantale L.E. Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott and Endl.
Colocosia esculenta (L.) Schott and Endl.
275
Scientific name of SuerteF. Dieffenbachia picta (Lodd.) EchaoG. Abrus precatorius L.H. Thevetia peruviana (Pers.) Merr.I. Ricinus communis L.J. Lantana camara L.
Dieffenbachia picta (Lodd.) Echao
276
Scientific name of Saga-sagaF. Dieffenbachia picta (Lodd.) EchaoG. Abrus precatorius L.H. Thevetia peruviana (Pers.) Merr.I. Ricinus communis L.J. Lantana camara L.
Abrus precatorius L.
277
Scientific name of LumbangA. Aleurites moluccana (L.) Willd.B. Calophyllum inophyllum L.C. Jatorpha curcas L.D. Anarcadium occidantale L.E. Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott and Endl.
Aleurites moluccana (L.) Willd.
278
Scientific name of Tubing-bakodA. Aleurites moluccana (L.) Willd.B. Calophyllum inophyllum L.C. Jatorpha curcas L.D. Anarcadium occidantale L.E. Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott and Endl.
Jatorpha curcas L.
279
Scientific name of LantanaF. Dieffenbachia picta (Lodd.) EchaoG. Abrus precatorius L.H. Thevetia peruviana (Pers.) Merr.I. Ricinus communis L.J. Lantana camara L.
Lantana camara L.
280
Scientific name of Tangan-tanganF. Dieffenbachia picta (Lodd.) EchaoG. Abrus precatorius L.H. Thevetia peruviana (Pers.) Merr.I. Ricinus communis L.J. Lantana camara L.
Ricinus communis L.
281
Scientific name of KampaneroF. Dieffenbachia picta (Lodd.) EchaoG. Abrus precatorius L.H. Thevetia peruviana (Pers.) Merr.I. Ricinus communis L.J. Lantana camara L.
Thevetia peruviana (Pers.) Merr.
282
Scientific name of TragacanthA. Astragalus gummifer LabillardiereB. Cyamopsis tetragonolobus (L.) TaubertC. Chondrus crispus (L.) StockhouseD. Gelidium cartelaginenum (L.) GaillonE. Plantago psyllium L.F. Acacia Senegal (L.) Willd.G. Sterculia urens Roxburgh
Astragalus gummifer Labillardiere
283
Scientific name of AcaciaA. Astragalus gummifer LabillardiereB. Cyamopsis tetragonolobus (L.) TaubertC. Chondrus crispus (L.) StockhouseD. Gelidium cartelaginenum (L.) GaillonE. Plantago psyllium L.F. Acacia Senegal (L.) Willd.G. Sterculia urens Roxburgh
Acacia senegal (L.) Willd.
284
Scientific name of SterculiaA. Astragalus gummifer LabillardiereB. Cyamopsis tetragonolobus (L.) TaubertC. Chondrus crispus (L.) StockhouseD. Gelidium cartelaginenum (L.) GaillonE. Plantago psyllium L.F. Acacia Senegal (L.) Willd.G. Sterculia urens Roxburgh
Sterculia urens Roxburgh
285
Scientific name of AgarA. Astragalus gummifer LabillardiereB. Cyamopsis tetragonolobus (L.) TaubertC. Chondrus crispus (L.) StockhouseD. Gelidium cartelaginenum (L.) GaillonE. Plantago psyllium L.F. Acacia Senegal (L.) Willd.G. Sterculia urens Roxburgh
Gelidium cartelaginenum (L.) Gaillon
286
Scientific name of CarageenanA. Astragalus gummifer LabillardiereB. Cyamopsis tetragonolobus (L.) TaubertC. Chondrus crispus (L.) StockhouseD. Gelidium cartelaginenum (L.) GaillonE. Plantago psyllium L.F. Acacia Senegal (L.) Willd.G. Sterculia urens Roxburgh
Chondrus crispus (L.) Stockhouse
287
Scientific name of PlantagoA. Astragalus gummifer LabillardiereB. Cyamopsis tetragonolobus (L.) TaubertC. Chondrus crispus (L.) StockhouseD. Gelidium cartelaginenum (L.) GaillonE. Plantago psyllium L.F. Acacia Senegal (L.) Willd.G. Sterculia urens Roxburgh
Plantago psyllium L.
288
Scientific name of GuaranA. Astragalus gummifer LabillardiereB. Cyamopsis tetragonolobus (L.) TaubertC. Chondrus crispus (L.) StockhouseD. Gelidium cartelaginenum (L.) GaillonE. Plantago psyllium L.F. Acacia Senegal (L.) Willd.G. Sterculia urens Roxburgh
Cyamopsis tetragonolobus (L.) Taubert
289
Scientific name of Chinese rhubarbA. Andira araroba AgmarB. Rheum officinale BaillonC. Cassia acutifolia DelileD. Prunus armeniaca L.E. Hamamelis virginiana L.
Rheum officinale Baillon
290
Scientific name of Indian RhubarbF. Prunus serotina EhrhartG. Rheum emodi WallichH. Brassica nigra (L.) KochI. Cassia angustifolia VahlJ. Sesamum indicum L.
Rheum emodi Wallich
291
Scientific name of Alexandria sennaA. Andira araroba AgmarB. Rheum officinale BaillonC. Cassia acutifolia DelileD. Prunus armeniaca L.E. Hamamelis virginiana L.
Cassia acutifolia Delile
292
Scientific name of Tinnevelly sennaF. Prunus serotina EhrhartG. Rheum emodi WallichH. Brassica nigra (L.) KochI. Cassia angustifolia VahlJ. Sesamum indicum L.
Cassia angustifolia Vahl
293
Scientific name of ChrysarobinA. Andira araroba AgmarB. Rheum officinale BaillonC. Cassia acutifolia DelileD. Prunus armeniaca L.E. Hamamelis virginiana L.
Andira araroba Agmar
294
Scientific name of Wild cherryF. Prunus serotina EhrhartG. Rheum emodi WallichH. Brassica nigra (L.) KochI. Cassia angustifolia VahlJ. Sesamum indicum L.
Prunus serotina Ehrhart
295
Scientific name of MustardF. Prunus serotina EhrhartG. Rheum emodi WallichH. Brassica nigra (L.) KochI. Cassia angustifolia VahlJ. Sesamum indicum L.
Brassica nigra (L.) Koch
296
Scientific name of Witch HazelA. Andira araroba AgmarB. Rheum officinale BaillonC. Cassia acutifolia DelileD. Prunus armeniaca L.E. Hamamelis virginiana L.
Hamamelis virginiana L.
297
Scientific name of SesameF. Prunus serotina EhrhartG. Rheum emodi WallichH. Brassica nigra (L.) KochI. Cassia angustifolia VahlJ. Sesamum indicum L.
Sesamum indicum L.
298
Scientific name of Persic oilA. Andira araroba AgmarB. Rheum officinale BaillonC. Cassia acutifolia DelileD. Prunus armeniaca L.E. Hamamelis virginiana L.
Prunus armeniaca L.
