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HEMA 256 > Module 2: Normal Leukocytes > Flashcards

Module 2: Normal Leukocytes Flashcards

1
Q

G-CSF

A

Granulocyte - colony stimulating factor

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2
Q

M-CSF

A

Macrophage - colony stimulating factor

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3
Q

GM-CSF

A

Granulocyte/monocyte(macrophage) - colony stimulating factor

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4
Q

Stages of lymphocyte development

A

Lymphoblast
Prolymphocyte
Lymphocyte

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5
Q

Stages of neutrophil development

A 
Myeloblast
Promyelocyte
Myelocyte
Metamyelocyte
Band
Segmented neutrophil
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6
Q

The blast cell of the granulocyte series is the

A

Myeloblast

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7
Q

B lymphocytes are the primary source for

A

Humoral immune response

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8
Q

What type of lymphocyte transforms into plasma cells

A

B cells

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9
Q

T lymphocytes are responsible for

A

Cellular immune response

Regulation of antibody reactions

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10
Q

The primary lymphoid tissues are

A

Bone marrow and thymus

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11
Q

How long do monocytes circulate in the blood before moving into the tissue?

A

~36 hours

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12
Q

Variant lymphocytes account for what percent of lymphocytes in peripheral blood

A

5-6%

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13
Q

Increased numbers of variant (reactive) lymphocytes is typically seen in what disorder?

A

Viral infections

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14
Q

What is the best known monokine and what does it do?

A

Interleukin 1
Activates CD4 T cells by foreign antigen
Stimulates hepatocytes to secrete acute phase proteins
Stimulates GM-CSF
Acts as an endogenous pyrogen in the inflammatory response

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15
Q

When neutrophils move through the junctions between endothelial cells it is called

A

Diapedesis

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16
Q

Lymphocytes that lack both B and T cell surface markers are called

A

Null cells

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17
Q

2 types of null cells

A

Killer and natural killer cells

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18
Q

Killer cell function

A

Antibody-dependent cell-mediated lysis

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19
Q

Natural killer cell function

A

Direct cytotoxic activity

20
Q

H1 and H2 histamine receptors are found on what cell?

A

Eosinophils

21
Q

True or false: the variant lymphocyte may contain nucleoli

A

True

22
Q

What granulocyte contains histamine?

A

Basophil

23
Q

What cell produces IgE?

A

B lymphocyte/plasma cell

24
Q

An increased number of neutrophils in the peripheral blood is called

A

Neutrophilia

25
Q

The basophil present in the tissue is called

A

Mast cell

26
Q

The first cell in the neutrophil series to contain secondary (specific) granules is

A

The myelocyte

27
Q

Eosinophils make up what percent of peripheral blood?

A

2-4%

28
Q

In the neutrophil is lysozyme present in primary granules, secondary granules, or both?

A

Both

29
Q

What percent of metamyelocytes are in normal peripheral blood?

A

0%

30
Q

A mature monocyte in the tissue is called

A

Macrophage

31
Q

The most chemotactic chemical factor that signals neutrophil activation is

A

Leukotriene B

32
Q

Which granulocyte(s) have IgE receptors?

A

Eosinophils and basophils

33
Q

The killing cascade of the neutrophil includes

A 
Immune adherence
Endocytosis
Lysosome fusion
Killing and digestion
Exocytosis
34
Q

What granulocyte releases substances that neutralize the mast cell mediators?

A

Eosinophil

35
Q

Approximately what percent of the lymphocytes present in an adult are B cells?

A

20-35%

36
Q

The emptying fo granule contents into the vacuole of the phagosome is called

A

Lysosome fusion

37
Q

Major basic protein is found in which cell?

A

Eosinophil

38
Q

The most potent killing device in the neutrophil is

A

The respiratory burst

39
Q

What are the functions of the macrophage?

A

Phagocytosis
Immune recognition
Secretory effector
Iron metabolism/Preservations of RBCs

40
Q

An increased number of monocytes in the peripheral blood is called

A

Monocytosis

41
Q

What WBC would be increased in an acute bacterial infection?

A

Neutrophil

42
Q

What WBC would be increased in a chronic bacterial infection?

A

Monocyte

43
Q

What happens to the macrophage when activated by cytokines from CD4 T cells?

A

The get bigger, stickier, hyper mobile, aggressively phagocytic, and secrete chemicals and monokines

44
Q

What cell’s granules contain histaminase (antihistamine)?

A

Eosinophil

45
Q

What cell’s granules contain histamine?

A

Basophil

46
Q

What cell contains eosinophil chemotaxic factor in its granules and what does it do?

A

Basophil

Attracts eosinophils

HEMA 256 (5 decks)

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