Module 2: Normal Leukocytes

Question 1

G-CSF

Answer 1

Granulocyte - colony stimulating factor

Question 2

M-CSF

Answer 2

Macrophage - colony stimulating factor

Question 3

GM-CSF

Answer 3

Granulocyte/monocyte(macrophage) - colony stimulating factor

Question 4

Stages of lymphocyte development

Answer 4

Lymphoblast
Prolymphocyte
Lymphocyte

Question 5

Stages of neutrophil development

Answer 5

Myeloblast
Promyelocyte
Myelocyte
Metamyelocyte
Band
Segmented neutrophil

Question 6

The blast cell of the granulocyte series is the

Answer 6

Myeloblast

Question 7

B lymphocytes are the primary source for

Answer 7

Humoral immune response

Question 8

What type of lymphocyte transforms into plasma cells

Answer 8

B cells

Question 9

T lymphocytes are responsible for

Answer 9

Cellular immune response

Regulation of antibody reactions

Question 10

The primary lymphoid tissues are

Answer 10

Bone marrow and thymus

Question 11

How long do monocytes circulate in the blood before moving into the tissue?

Answer 11

~36 hours

Question 12

Variant lymphocytes account for what percent of lymphocytes in peripheral blood

Answer 12

5-6%

Question 13

Increased numbers of variant (reactive) lymphocytes is typically seen in what disorder?

Answer 13

Viral infections

Question 14

What is the best known monokine and what does it do?

Answer 14

Interleukin 1
Activates CD4 T cells by foreign antigen
Stimulates hepatocytes to secrete acute phase proteins
Stimulates GM-CSF
Acts as an endogenous pyrogen in the inflammatory response

Question 15

When neutrophils move through the junctions between endothelial cells it is called

Answer 15

Diapedesis

Question 16

Lymphocytes that lack both B and T cell surface markers are called

Answer 16

Null cells

Question 17

2 types of null cells

Answer 17

Killer and natural killer cells

Question 18

Killer cell function

Answer 18

Antibody-dependent cell-mediated lysis

Question 19

Natural killer cell function

Answer 19

Direct cytotoxic activity

Question 20

H1 and H2 histamine receptors are found on what cell?

Answer 20

Eosinophils

Question 21

True or false: the variant lymphocyte may contain nucleoli

Answer 21

True

Question 22

What granulocyte contains histamine?

Answer 22

Basophil

Question 23

What cell produces IgE?

Answer 23

B lymphocyte/plasma cell

Question 24

An increased number of neutrophils in the peripheral blood is called

Answer 24

Neutrophilia

Question 25

The basophil present in the tissue is called

Answer 25

Mast cell

Question 26

The first cell in the neutrophil series to contain secondary (specific) granules is

Answer 26

The myelocyte

Question 27

Eosinophils make up what percent of peripheral blood?

Answer 27

2-4%

Question 28

In the neutrophil is lysozyme present in primary granules, secondary granules, or both?

Answer 28

Both

Question 29

What percent of metamyelocytes are in normal peripheral blood?

Answer 29

0%

Question 30

A mature monocyte in the tissue is called

Answer 30

Macrophage

Question 31

The most chemotactic chemical factor that signals neutrophil activation is

Answer 31

Leukotriene B

Question 32

Which granulocyte(s) have IgE receptors?

Answer 32

Eosinophils and basophils

Question 33

The killing cascade of the neutrophil includes

Answer 33

``` Immune adherence Endocytosis Lysosome fusion Killing and digestion Exocytosis ```

Question 34

What granulocyte releases substances that neutralize the mast cell mediators?

Answer 34

Eosinophil

Question 35

Approximately what percent of the lymphocytes present in an adult are B cells?

Answer 35

20-35%

Question 36

The emptying fo granule contents into the vacuole of the phagosome is called

Answer 36

Lysosome fusion

Question 37

Major basic protein is found in which cell?

Answer 37

Eosinophil

Question 38

The most potent killing device in the neutrophil is

Answer 38

The respiratory burst

Question 39

What are the functions of the macrophage?

Answer 39

Phagocytosis Immune recognition Secretory effector Iron metabolism/Preservations of RBCs

Question 40

An increased number of monocytes in the peripheral blood is called

Answer 40

Monocytosis

Question 41

What WBC would be increased in an acute bacterial infection?

Answer 41

Neutrophil

Question 42

What WBC would be increased in a chronic bacterial infection?

Answer 42

Monocyte

Question 43

What happens to the macrophage when activated by cytokines from CD4 T cells?

Answer 43

The get bigger, stickier, hyper mobile, aggressively phagocytic, and secrete chemicals and monokines

Question 44

What cell's granules contain histaminase (antihistamine)?

Answer 44

Eosinophil

Question 45

What cell's granules contain histamine?

Answer 45

Basophil

Question 46

What cell contains eosinophil chemotaxic factor in its granules and what does it do?

Answer 46

Basophil | Attracts eosinophils