MODULE 2 LESSONS 1 AND 2 Flashcards
A
hypothetical body with a relatively large thermal energy
capacity that can supply or absorb finite amounts of heat
without undergoing any change in temperature
thermal energy reservoir / reservoir
A reservoir that supplies energy in the form of heat
source
One that absorbs energy in the form of heat
sink
Are cyclic devices that convert part of the heat it receives from a high temperature source to work and reject the rest to a low temperature sink
heat engines
The
fluid involve in every cyclic devices which heat transfer to
and from is observed while undergoing a cycle
working fluid
The
fraction of the heat input that is converted to net work output is a measure of the performance of a heat engine and
thermal efficiency
A
cyclic device that transfers heat from a low temperature medium to a high temperature one
refrigerator
The working fluid used in the refrigeration cycle is
refrigerant
Another cyclic device that transfers heat from a low temperature medium to a high temperature one
heat pump
Any device that violates either of first or second law of thermodynamics
perpetual - motion machine
A device that violates the first law of thermodynamics by creating energy
perpetual - motion machine of the first kind (PMM1)
A device that violates the second law of thermodynamics
perpetual - motion machine of second kind (PMM2)
A process that can be reversed without leaving any trace on the surroundings. That is, both system and surroundings are returned to their initial states at the end of the reverse process.
reversible process
Proccesses that are not reversible. In this processes, the surroundings usually do some work on the system and therefore do not return to their original state.
irreversible processes
The factors that cause a process to be irreversible, includes friction, unrestrained expansion, mixing of two fluids, heat transfer across a temperature difference, electric resistance, inelastic deformation of soildsm and chemical reactions.
irreversibilites
if no irreversibilities occur within the boundaries of the system during the process Quasi equilibrium process is an example of an internally reversible process
internally reversible
if no irreversibilities occur outside the system boundaries
during the process
externally reversible
if it involves no irreversibilities within the system or its surroundings
totally reversible / reversible
the best known reversible cycle that is composed of four reversible processes two isothermal and two adiabatic and it can be executed either in a closed or a steady flow system. It is the most efficient cycle operating between two specified temperature limits.
Carnot Cycle
The theoretical heat engine that operates on the Carnot cycle is called? And the cycle is called?
Carnot heat engine and Carnot heat - engine cycle
The reverse process of Carnot heat - engine cycle is called? This cycle remains exactly the same, except that the directions of any heat and work interactions are reversed.
Carnot refrigeration cycle
A temperature scale that is independent of the properties of the substances that are used to measure temperature is called?
thermodynamic temperature scale
The
hypothetical heat engine that operates on the reversible Carnot cycle is called?
Carnot Heat Engine
The efficiency of any reversible heat engine or Carnot heat engine is called? and this is the highest efficiency a heat engine operating between the two thermal energy reservoirs at temperatures 𝑇𝐿 and 𝑇𝐻 can have.
Carno Efficiency
A refrigerator or a heat pump that operates on the reversed Carnot cycle is called?
Carnot refrigerator / Carnot heat pump
