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Highschool Biology > MODULE #2: Kingdom Monera > Flashcards

MODULE #2: Kingdom Monera Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the kingdom of Prokaryota?

A

The Same king kingdom as Monera except renamed by scientist. By renaming it it’s easier to remember because all prokaryotic cells are grouped in this kingdom.

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2
Q

What is bacteria

A

Bacteria can essentially be applied to all of the organisms in kingdom Monera (singular is bacterium)

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3
Q

What is pathogen

A

An organism/ bacteria the causes disease

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4
Q

What is the name for Spherical Bacteria?

A

Sperical Bacteria is known as coccus
( plural: cocci)

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5
Q

What is the name for Rod-shaped bacteria?

A

Known as bacillus
( plural: bacilli )

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6
Q

What is the name for the shaped Helical bacteria?

A

Known as spirillum
( Plural: spirilla )

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7
Q

What is false-colored images?

A

Images colored in for depth, more realistic

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8
Q

What is a Saprophyte?

A

Basically a bacteria that’s a decomposers

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9
Q

What are parasites?

A

An organism that feeds on living host basically heterotrophs

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10
Q

How bacteria are autotrophic?

A

Through photosynthesis or chemosynthesis

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11
Q

What is chemosynthesis

A

Rather than using energy from the sunlight, the bacteria promote chemical reactions which release energy. The bacteria then uses that energy, along with other chemicals, to manufacture their food.

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12
Q

What are aerobic organisms?

A

An organisms are that requires

In order humans get energy, we must then combine these molecules with oxygen in a long complicated chemical process. That is why humans breathe.

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13
Q

What are anaerobic organisms?

A

Bacteria that do not require oxygen in order to convert their food into energy

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14
Q

What is Binary fission?

A

A popular form of asexual reproduction

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15
Q

What is steady state?

A

A state in which members of a population die as quickly as new members are born

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16
Q

What is exponential growth

A

Population growth that is unhindered because of the abundance of resources for an ever - increased population

17
Q

What is Logistic growth?

A

Population growth that is controlled by limited resources

18
Q

What is genetic recombination?

A

Bacteria reproduces asexually.
However often beneficial for bacteria to exchange genetic information in order to increase the genetic diversity of the population. That is called genetic recombination

19
Q

What is conjugation?

A

A temporary union of two organisms for the purpose of DNA transfer

20
Q

What is a plasmid?

A

A small circular section of extra DNA that confers one or more traits to a bacterium and can be reproduced separately from the main bacterial genetic code.

21
Q

What is a plasmid?

A

A small circular section of extra DNA that confers one or more traits to a bacterium and can be reproduced separately from the main bacterial genetic code.

22
Q

What is transformation?

A

The transfer of DNA segment from nonfunctional donor cell to that of a functional recipient cell.

23
Q

What is Transduction?

A

The process in which infection by a virus results in DNA being transferred from one bacterium to another.

24
Q

What is Endospore?

A

The DNA and other essential parts of bacterium coated with several hard layers

25
Q

What is Gram stain?

A

Stained bacteria to better see them under a microscope

26
Q

What is Gram—negative

A

The bacteria that looks red/pink after the gram stain
Have cell walls that don’t retain the gram stain. As result, the stain leaves those cells, allowing a red stain added at the end of the procedure to take its place

27
Q

What is Gram—positive?

A

The bacteria that looks blue following the Gram stain

Cell walls retain the Gram stain so that it stays in the cell

28
Q

What is the cause for the difference in the gam stain in the two bacteria

A

Caused by difference in the cell wall of these bacteria

29
Q

What is phylum Gracillicutes

A

Gram—negative

30
Q

What is phylum Firmicutes?

A

Gram—positive

31
Q

What is Phylum Tenericutes

A

The phylum with no cell walls

32
Q

What is phylum Mensosicutes?

A

Bacteria that has cell walls although unlike Gram positive and negative cell walls

Highschool Biology (3 decks)

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