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Highschool Biology > Module #1: Biology: The Study of Life > Flashcards

Module #1: Biology: The Study of Life Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the first criteria for life?

A

All life forms contain deoxyribonucleic acid, which is called DNA.

DNA is a molecule that contains the genetic instructions for the development, functioning, growth, and reproduction of all known living organisms.

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2
Q

What is the second criteria for life?

A

All life forms have a method to extract energy from the surroundings and convert it into energy that sustains them.

This process is essential for the survival and functioning of living organisms.

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3
Q

What is the third criteria for life?

A

All life forms can sense changes in their surroundings and respond to those changes.

This ability allows living organisms to adapt and survive in different environments.

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4
Q

What is the fourth criteria for life?

A

All life forms reproduce.

Reproduction is essential for the continuation of a species and the passing on of genetic information to the next generation.

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5
Q

What is Metabolism?

A

Basically the #2 criterion

Metabolism:
The sum total of all processes in a organism which convert energy and matter from outside sources and use that energy and matter to sustain the organism’s life functions

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6
Q

What is Anabolism?

A

Anabolism + Catabolism = Metabolism

Metabolism can be split into two categories; Anabolism is one of them.

Anabolism:
The sum of total of all processes in a organism which use energy and simple chemical building blocks to produce large chemicals and structures necessary for life

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7
Q

What is Catabolism?

A

Catabolism + Anabolism = Metabolism

Metabolism can be split into two categories; catabolism is one of them

Catabolism:
The sum total of all processes in an organism which breaks down chemicals to produce energy and simple chemical building blocks

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8
Q

What is Photosynthesis?

A

Photosynthesis:
The process by which green plants and some other organisms use the energy of the sunlight and simply chemicals to produce their own food

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9
Q

What are herbivores?

A

Herbivores:
Organisms that eat only plants

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10
Q

What are Carnivores?

A

Carnivores:
Organisms that eat only organisms other than plants

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11
Q

What are Omnivores?

A

Omnivores:
Organisms that eat both plants and other organisms

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12
Q

What is classification?

A

When we classify organisms, we are taking a great deal of data and trying to organize it into a fairly simple system.

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13
Q

What is producers?

A

Organisms that produce their own food

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14
Q

What is Consumers?

A

Organisms that eat living producers and/or other consumers for food

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15
Q

What is Decomposers?

A

Organisms that break down the dead remains of other organisms

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16
Q

What is Autotrophs?

A

Organisms that are able to make their own food

Producers

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17
Q

What is Heterotrophs?

A

Organisms that depend on other organisms for food

Consumers

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18
Q

What is Receptors?

A

Special structures that allow living organisms to sense the conditions of their internal or external environment

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19
Q

What is asexual reproduce?

A

Asexual reproduction:
Reproduction accomplished by single organism.

Usually by splitting themselves apart under the right circumstances. The two parts can grow into holy separate organisms. This is an example of asexual reproducing.

20
Q

What is sexual reproduction?

A

Reproduction that requires two organisms

This method of reproducing (which occurs in most of the life forms and which you are familiar) is called sexual reproduction.

21
Q

What is the concept of inheritance?

A

Inheritance-the process by which physical and biological characteristics are transmitted from the parent (or parents) to the offspring.

22
Q

What is mutation?

A

And abrupt and marked change in DNA of an organism compared to that if its parents.

23
Q

What is a hypothesis?

A

An educated guess that attempts to explain an observation or answer to a question

24
Q

What is a theory?

A

A hypothesis that has been tested with a significant amount of data

25
Q

What is a scientific law?

A

A theory that has been tested by and is consistent with generations of data

26
Q

What is spontaneous generation?

A

An idea that living thing can appear from non-living thing

27
Q

What are Microorganisms?

A

Living creatures that are too small to see with the naked eye

28
Q

What is Abiogenesis?

A

The idea that very simple life forms spontaneously appeared through chemical reactions

29
Q

A Hierarchical Biology Classification Scheme using bald eagle

Classification….

A

)1 kingdom (Animalia)
)2 Phylum (Chordata)
)3 Class (Aves)
)4 Order (Falconiformes)
)5 Family (Accipitridae)
)6 Genus (Haliaeetus)
)7 Species (Leucocephalus)

King Philip Cried Out “For Goodness Sake!”

30
Q

What are the five separate kingdoms?

A

Monera (mug nihr’ uh)
Protista (pro tee’ stuh)
Fungí (fun jye)
Plantae
Anomalía

“Mom’s Promise For Practicing Acting”

The proper name of all our classification group are Latin.

31
Q

What is a Prokaryotic cell?

A

A cell that has no distinct, membrane bounded organelles

32
Q

What is Eukaryotic cells?

A

A cell with distinct, membrane-bound organelles

33
Q

Kingdom Monera

A

Contains all organisms that composed of ether one prokaryotic cell or a simple association of prokaryotic cells

34
Q

Protista kingdom

A

It contains those organisms that are composed of only one eukaryotic cell or a simple association of eukaryotic cells.

35
Q

Fungi kingdom

A

Mostly made up of decomposers
- have eukaryotic cells

36
Q

Plantae kingdom

A

Mostly composed of Autotrophs
- are multicellular
- eukaryotic cells

37
Q

Anomalía kingdom

A

Contains multicellular organisms with eukaryotic cells.
-Are Heterotrophs
-not decomposers
Anomalía = animal

38
Q

Species

A

A unit of one or more populations of individuals that can reproduce under normal conditions, produce fertile offspring, and are reproductively isolated from other such units

39
Q

What is binomial nomenclature?

A

Naming an organism with it’s genus and species names

40
Q

Five kingdom system

A

Fist developed in 1700s
By Carrolus Linnaeus

41
Q

Three-domain system

A

Popular classification replacing five-kingdom system

42
Q

The three-domain system

A

In the three domain system there is:
-Archaea
-Bacteria
-Eukarya

43
Q

What is Eukarya domain from the three-domain system

A

All organisms with eukaryotic cells
Protista kingdom

44
Q

What is evolution

A

The idea that all life on Earth descended from one (or a few) “simple” life forms (or forms) that lived on earth billions of years ago and was (or were) formed through abiogenesis.

45
Q

What is the idea of baraminology?

A

Bara=min
Create=kind

Highschool Biology (3 decks)

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