Module 2 - Key Words

Question 1

Tendon of Lateral Gastroc

Answer 1

os fabella

Question 2

Headaches, arcuate foramen, atlanto-occipital membrane

Answer 2

posterior ponticle

Question 3

Putti’s triad - 3 points?

Answer 3

DDH

shallow acetabulum
malformation of the femoral head early on
femoral head translated superolateral

Question 4

Calcification tendonitis

Answer 4

os acetabulum

Question 5

TOS

Answer 5

cervical rib

Question 6

basilar impression - two measurements for this?

Answer 6

os odonteum
**occipitalization

mcgregor
chamberlain (straight through foramen magnum

Question 7

wasp waist

Answer 7

CONGENITAL block vertebra

Question 8

incarcerated, non-incarcerated, bizarre/scrambled

Answer 8

hemivertebra

Question 9

hypoplastic or remnant disc

Answer 9

congenital block vertebra, transitional vertebra

Question 10

Winking Owl

Answer 10

pedicle agenesis

Question 11

spatulated TVP

Answer 11

transitional vertebra

Question 12

C sign

Answer 12

subtalar - tarsal coalition

Question 13

ant-eater sign

Answer 13

talocalcaneal or calcaneonavicular - tarsal coalition

Question 14

Mainly affects young females

Answer 14

DDH

Question 15

Mainly affects adolescent females

Answer 15

scoliosis (idiopathic)

Question 16

Mainly affects males (2)

Answer 16

SCFE, bipartite patella

Question 17

SALAD

Answer 17

description for scoliosis

Shape
Apex - most lateral point of the convexity
Location
Angle
Direction (L or R - where is the convex side?)

Question 18

CATBITES

Answer 18

CONGENITAL
ARTHRIDES
TRAUMA
BLOOD
INFECTION
TUMOUR
ENDOCRINE
SOFT TISSUE

Question 19

How many degrees of scoliosis until you would refer them out to ortho surgeon?

Answer 19

greater than 30 deg

Question 20

How many degrees of scoliosis until you would recommend monitoring and x-raying? how often?

Answer 20

every 3-6 months

20-30 deg

especially if they are young and not skeletally mature

Question 21

Types of Spondy. S

Answer 21

I - dysplastic 
IIa - isthmic - stress
IIb - isthmic - elongation of pars 
IIc - isthmic - acute fx of pars 
III - degenerative (typically in older individuals - females)
IV - pathological
V - surgical

Question 22

INVERTED NAPOLEON HAT SIGN

Answer 22

spondylolisthesis

Question 23

Low contrast is due to?

Pale image is due to?

Answer 23

high KVP

low mAs

Question 24

7 important warning signs

Answer 24

1) Child < 4 years of age
2) Back pain causes a functional disability
3) Duration of pain > 4 weeks
4) Fever
5) Postural shift of trunk
6) Limitation of motion due to pain
7) Neurological abnormality
8) History of significant trauma with immediate onset of
pain

Question 25

harrington rods

Answer 25

scoliosis

Question 26

When does spondylolithesis stabilize?

Answer 26

20s

Question 27

What descriptions to include when we are looking at x-rays? Brainstorm as many as you can.

Answer 27

Organ and other skeletal anomalies 
Neuro
Hyper mobility/Instability 
Risk for DDD DJD 
Accessory joints 
T, I, T
Metal
Soft tissues
Fx

Question 28

May be due to osteoporosis

Answer 28

Schmorl

Question 29

DDX for spondylolisthesis

Answer 29

Unilateral sclerotic pedicle

Question 30

5 signs of a youth who is skeletally immature

Answer 30

unfused TVP
unfused ring epiphyses (apophyses) for the vertebral end plate
unfused ischial apophyses (2ndary)
unfused greater trochanter 
Risser's sign