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Organic Chemistry Lec > Module 2: Introduction to Organic Molecules and Functional Groups > Flashcards

Module 2: Introduction to Organic Molecules and Functional Groups Flashcards

1
Q

Chain, no rings
* Straight (unbranched) chain
* Branched chain

A

Acyclic

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2
Q

Rings of Carbon (or Piattos)

A

Carbocyclic

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3
Q

Have rings with at least one heteroatom

A

Heterocyclic

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4
Q

Simplest group of organic compounds

A

Hydrocarbons

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5
Q

Saturated HC (single bond)

A

Alkanes

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6
Q

Unsaturated HC (multiple bonds)

A
  • Alkenes
  • Alkynes
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7
Q

Chains or branched

A

Aliphatic

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8
Q

Rings

A

Alicyclic

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9
Q
  • Single bonded carbons
  • ends with “-ane”
  • CnH2n+2
A

Alkanes

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10
Q
  • A Hydrogen atom is removed from an alkane.
  • ends with “-yl”
    – Methyl (Me)
    – Ethyl (Et)
    – Propyl (Pr)
    – Butyl (Bu)
A

Alkyl groups (R)

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11
Q

Formula for Alkanes

A

CnH2n+2

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12
Q
  • Consist of rings of -C-C-
  • Prefix “cyclo-”
  • CnH2n
A

Cycloalkanes

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13
Q

Formula for Cycloalkanes

A

CnH2n

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14
Q

A group of atoms within a larger molecule that has a characteristic chemical behavior

A

Functional Groups

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15
Q

A Hydrogen atom is removed

A

Alkyl groups (R)

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16
Q

Functional Groups With C-C Multiple Bonds
+ General Formula:
CnH2n
+ Double bond

A

ALKENES

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17
Q

Functional Groups With C-C Multiple Bonds
+ General Formula:
CnH2n-2
+ Triple bond

A

ALKYNES

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18
Q

Functional Groups With C-C Multiple Bonds
* Aromatic ring
* “benzene” ring
* Ar-
+ Aromatic rings
+ Piattos

A

ARENES

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19
Q

Functional Groups With C-C Multiple Bonds
+ Single Bond
+ “-ane”

A

ALKANES

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20
Q

Functional Groups With C-C Multiple Bonds
+ Double Bonds
+ “-ene”

A

ALKENES

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21
Q

Functional Groups With C singly bonded to EN atom
+ General Formula: RX
+ Halogen group

A

ALKYL HALIDES

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22
Q

Functional Groups With C-C Multiple Bonds
+ Triple Bonds
+ “-yne”

A

ALKYNES

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23
Q

Functional Groups With C singly bonded to EN atom
+ General Formula: ROH
+ *ends with “-ol”
+ hydroxyl group
Note: If the suffix starts with vowel (i.e. -ol, -al, amine), remove the –e and attach the suffix

A

ALCOHOLS (ALKANOLS)

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24
Q

Functional Groups With C singly bonded to EN atom
+ General Formula: RSH
+ *ends with“-thiol”
+ sulfhydryl group

A

THIOLS (MERCAPTANS)

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25
Q

Functional Groups With C singly bonded to EN atom
+ General Formula:
R’OR’’
+ *ends with “ether”

A

ETHER

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26
Q

Functional Groups With C singly bonded to EN atom
+ General Formula:
R’SR’’
+ *ends with “sulfide”

A

SULFIDES (THIOETHERS)

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27
Q

Functional Groups With C singly bonded to EN atom
+ General Formula:
RNH2
+ *ends with “amine”
+ amino group

28
Q

ALKYL HALIDES formula

A

General Formula: RX
R - Alkyl
X- Halogen

29
Q

ALCOHOLS (ALKANOLS) formula

A

General Formula: ROH

30
Q

THIOLS (MERCAPTANS) formula

A

General Formula: RSH

31
Q

ETHER formula

A

General Formula:
R’OR’’

32
Q

SULFIDES (THIOETHERS) formula

A

General Formula:
R’SR’’

33
Q

AMINES formula

A

General Formula:
RNH2

34
Q

propanamine

35
Q

diethyl sulfide

A

SULFIDES (THIOETHERS)

36
Q

ethyl propyl ether

37
Q

propanethiol

A

THIOLS (MERCAPTANS)

38
Q

propanol

A

ALCOHOLS (ALKANOLS)

39
Q

bromopropane

A

ALKYL HALIDES

40
Q

Halides

A

F, Cl, Br, I

41
Q

Propylbenzene

42
Q

propyne

43
Q

propene

44
Q

Functional Groups With C=O Carbonyl group
+ General Formula:
RCHO
+ *ends with “-al”
+ carbonyl group

45
Q

Functional Groups With C=O Carbonyl group
+ General Formula:
R’COR’’
+ *ends with “-one”

Note: Since there are C atoms added, change the parent name

46
Q

Functional Groups With C=O Carbonyl group
+ General Formula:
RCOOH
+ *ends with“-oic acid”
+ carboxyl group

A

CARBOXYLIC ACIDS

47
Q

Functional Groups With C=O Carbonyl group
+ General Formula: O
RCONH2
+ *ends with “-amide”
+ amido group

48
Q

Functional Groups With C=O Carbonyl group
+ General Formula:
R’COOR’’
+ *ends with “-yl”
and “oate”

49
Q

Functional Groups With C=O Carbonyl group
– Ar-OH
– ends with “-phenol”

50
Q

Functional Groups With C=O Carbonyl group
– R-CN
– ends with “-nitrile”

51
Q

ALDEHYDES formula

A

General Formula:
RCHO

52
Q

propanal

53
Q

KETONES formula

A

General Formula:
R’COR’’

54
Q

butanone

55
Q

CARBOXYLIC ACIDS formula

A

General Formula:
RCOOH

56
Q

propanoic acid

A

CARBOXYLIC ACIDS

57
Q

AMIDES formula

A

General Formula:
RCONH2

58
Q

propanamide

59
Q

ESTERS formula

A

General Formula:
R’COOR’’

60
Q

methyl propanoate

61
Q

p-chlorophenol

62
Q

ethanenitrile

63
Q

Anti-hypertensive

A

enalapril
C20H28N2O5

64
Q

Narcotic analgesic

A

methadone
C21H27NO

65
Q

C9H13NO3

A

Adrenaline

66
Q

A neurotransmitter – A deficiency is associated with Parkinson’s disease
C8H11NO2

Organic Chemistry Lec (5 decks)

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