Module 2 Facts Flashcards
The breasts initially develop from the? What week of gestation?
Ectoderm – 4th wk
Develop as paired mammary ridges or milk lines
Cooper’s ligaments and fat develop from the?
Mesoderm
What week of gestation does the mammary bud become evident?
5th wk
What hormones influence the primary breast development?
Placental hormones such as prolactin, estrogen and progesterone
How many lobes of glandular tissue are developed?
15-20
Lobes - lacteriferous ducts - ampulla - nipple
True
What are the glands that surround and thicken the nipple?
Glands of Montgomery
What happens to the newborns breasts after birth?
Estrogen levels in the bloodstream begin to fall which stimulates the newborns pituitary gland and breast enlargement may occur. The enlargement is mostly the ductal system, which can be accompanied by “witch’s milk”
What is witch’s milk
a liquid similar to colostrum
What happens to the breasts after ovulation?
the CL secretes progesterone, which causes proliferation of the epithelial cells within the TDLU w enlargement of the lobules, fluid retention and increased blood flow. This causes fullness and tenderness
When do the acini become fully formed and functional?
when pregnancy and lactation occur
What hormones help the breasts reach functional maturity?
Progesterone, estrogen and prolactin
What hormone decreases and then lactation can begin?
Progesterone
What hormone causes lactation and what causes it?
Prolactin, when sucking or crying begins. The myoepithelial cells contract
At age 40, the mammary glands begin to atrophy. Following menopause, the glands further involute and are replaced by
CT and fat
What’s responsible for duct development and division?
Estrogen
What’s responsible for alveolar (acini) and lobular development?
Progesterone
Colostrum
contains no fat and little water, but high in antibodies.
Milk is only produced when prolactin is
high
Milk is only produced when estrogen and progesterone are
low
Where is milk stored before it is drained?
Ampulla (lactiferous sinus)
What are the other hormonal functions of oxytocin?
stimulates the cervix and vagina, enhancing uterine contraction
What type of gland are the breasts considered?
apocrine
What is the function of the breast?
secrete milk during lactation