Module 2: CONFLICT Flashcards
______ is the group—whether team, committee, club, or even best friends—that avoids, at all times, conflict
Rare
- This arise from many sources, as disagreements over minor and major issues, personality conflicts, and power struggles cause once close collaborators to become hostile adversaries.
- Because this is a ubiquitous aspect of group life, it must be managed to minimize its negative effects.
- When this occurs in a group, the actions or beliefs of one or more members of the group are unacceptable to and resisted by one or more of the other group members.
Conflicts
Members stand against each other rather than in support of each other
Conflict
4 roots of Conflict
- Winning
- Sharing
- Working
- Liking and Disliking
- We do not always cooperate with others, and that relationship might lead to competition: The
success of one meant the other would fail. - Social psychologist Morton Deutsch (1949b) calls these two types of relationships ___________ and _________
promotive and contrient interdependence.
- can be a positive experience.
- However, when a situation calls for cooperation and teamwork, then the positive benefits of this are few
- changes how we talk to others in our group.
- When ______ we make fewer positive but more negative remarks, and we are less likely to discuss shared priorities.
Competition
- promotes sharing, trust, and collaboration,
Cooperation
- promotes selfishness, suspicion, and sequestration.
competition
People choices are usually influenced by their ________
partner’s prior choices.
occurs as group members’ choices become synchronized over time.
behavioral assimilation
- to blame (or credit) for this assimilative process.
- sustains mutuality in exchange: When people who help you later need help, this urges you to help them in return.
- also implies that people who harm you are deserving of harm themselves.
- If one group member criticizes the ideas, opinions, or characteristics of another, the victim of the attack will feel justified in counterattacking unless some situational factor legitimizes the aggression of the former.
norm of reciprocity
Group life, by its very nature, is sometimes a ______
social dilemma
4 Dilemmas under Sharing
- Common Dilemma
- Public Good Dilemma
- Fairness Dilemma
- Responsibility Dilemma
As individuals, members try to extract resources from the group and minimize the amount of time and energy the group takes from them. Yet, as group members, they also wish to contribute to the group, for they realize that their selfishness can destroy the group.
* Conflicts arise when individualistic motives trump group-oriented motives, and the collective intervenes to redress the imbalance.
THE ROOTS OF CONFLICT | Sharing
- When people dispute over resources, one of the dilemmas that a group may face is when someone takes more than what he or she needs to take.
- Members may be tempted to take as much as possible of the resource, but if they take too much, the resource will be destroyed.
Common Dilemma
Praises, work and exposure may also be examples of WHAT dilemma, when a person takes all the credit and get more credits and exposure. Others may feel that the person is not playing fair.
Common Dilemma
is a “give some” dilemma: Members are asked to contribute to the group, but members often don’t fulfill this obligation.
Public Good Dilemma
when students work on class projects as teams, one member may miss meetings and leave assignments undone, but still get a good grade because the group scores well on the final project.
free riders.
A member may be inclined to putting in less effort on a collective task
social loafing
- arise when groups are faced with making decisions about how to share their resources, rewards, or payoffs.
- Since resources are limited, groups need to decide on fair ways of apportioning them out to their members. These fairness judgments are determined by procedural and distributive forms of social justice. When payouts do not occur according to these norms, conflicts arise
Fairness Dilemma
2 under Fairness Dilemma
Equity and Equality
- When a group completes its work, members often dispute who deserves credit and who deserves blame.
- Group members must identify the factors that contributed to each member’s performance, assign credit and blame, and make decisions regarding rewards, power, and status.
Responsibility Dilemma
Each group member, however, generally sees himself or herself as somewhat more worthy of credit than others in the group
egocentrism
2 conflicts under THE ROOTS OF CONFLICT | Working
- Task conflict (content conflict or substantive conflict)
- Process conflict (or procedural conflict)
Disagreements over issues that are relevant to the group’s recognized goals and procedures.
Task conflict (content conflict or substantive conflict)
Disagreement over the methods the group should use to complete its basic tasks.
Process conflict (or procedural conflict)
Just as any factor that creates a positive bond between people can increase a group’s cohesion, so any factor that creates disaffection can increase conflict
Sources of Relationship Conflict
Interpersonal discord that occurs when group members dislike one another
Relationship conflict
- In many cases, people explain their conflicts by blaming the other person’s negative personal qualities, such as moodiness, compulsivity, incompetence, communication difficulties, and sloppiness. People usually dislike others who evaluate them negatively, so criticism— even when deserved—can generate conflict.
THE ROOTS OF CONFLICT | Liking and Disliking
Interpersonal discord that occurs when group members dislike one another.
Relationship conflict
- Just as any factor that creates a positive bond between people can increase a group’s cohesion, so any factor that creates disaffection can increase conflict.
Sources of Relationship Conflict
- People usually dislike others who evaluate them negatively, so criticism— even when deserved—can generate conflict.
- Group members who treat others unfairly or are quarrelsome engender more conflict than those who behave politely
- People who have agreeable personalities are usually better liked by others, and they also exert a calming influence on their groups
THE ROOTS OF CONFLICT | Liking and Disliking
