Module 2 - Chapter 4 Flashcards
Bacteria and Archaea
List the structures all bacteria possess.
Cell membrane, cytoplasm, ribosomes and one (or few) chromosome(s)
Describe the three major shapes of bacteria.
Coccus - spherical or ball shaped, Rod (bacillus) drumstick shaped, Curved - a curved rod .
What are the major groups of appendages?
Those that provide motility - flagella and axial filaments
Those that provide attachment points - fimbriae, pili, and nonwires
How do bacteria move?
What is it that a bacteria might move to or away from?
What are the main parts of the bacteria cell envelope? How does this differ between Gram (-) and Gram (+) cells?
What is the structure of peptidoglycan?
What are some non-typical cell walls?
What are the structural features and characteristics of the Gram negative outer membrane?
What are the functions of the cell membrane?
What is inside of a bacterial cell, and what each of these structures do?
How is the bacterial genome arranged?
How are endospores formed and what are their function?
What are endospores medical significance?
What are the other arrangements of bacteria?
What are the arrangements of cocci?
single, in pairs (diplococci), in tetrads (groups of four), irregular clusters, or in chains.
What are biofilms?
Microbial habitats with access to food, water, atmosphere, and other environmental factors that are beneficial to each type of organism living there.
What is the primary function flagella?
To provide motility - capacity of a cell to swim freely through an aqueous habitat. - rotates 360 degrees to move
What is the structure of a flagella?
The filament - helical structure made of proteins inserted into a curved hook , the hook - anchored to the cell by the basal body, and the basal body - a stack of rings firmly anchored through the cell wall to the cytoplasmic membrane and the outer membrane.
