Module 2 - Cell Division (meiosis)

Question 1

what is meiosis a process of?

Answer 1

process of nuclear division
produces gametes (haploid cells)
2 divisions

Question 2

what are the stages of meiosis?

Answer 2

prophase 1
metaphase 1
anaphase 1
telophase 1
prophase 2
metaphase 2
anaphase 2
telophase 2
cytokinisis

Question 3

summerise prophase 1:

Answer 3

• DNA condenses
• nucleolus breaks down
• nuclear envelope breaks down
• centrioles move to poles
• CROSSING OVER occurs

chromosomes are arranged in homologous pairs

Question 4

summerise metaphase 1:

Answer 4

• bivalents line up along equater
• maternal and paternal cells INDEPENDENT ASSORTMENT

bivalent = 1 pair of homologous chromosomes

Question 5

summerise anaphase 1:

Answer 5

• homologous pairs are separated
• microtubules pull chromosomes to opposite end

Question 6

summerise telophase 1:

Answer 6

• nucleolus reforms
• nuclear envelope reforms
• chromosomes reach the pole of spindle fibre
• cytokinisis

Question 7

summarise prophase 2:

Answer 7

• nuclear envelope breaks down
• nucleolus breaks down
• chromosomes condense and become visable again

Question 8

summerise metaphase 2:

Answer 8

• chromosomes line up along equator
• INDIPENDENT ASSORTMENT creates genetic variation

Question 9

summerise anaphase 2:

Answer 9

• chromatids of individual chromosomes are pulled to poles

diff to anaphase 1 when homologous chromosomes are pulled to poles

Question 10

summerise telophase 2:

Answer 10

• nuclear membrane and nucleolus reforms
• 4 haploid daughter cells formed
• chromosomes uncoil
• cytokenisis occurs