Module 2: Cardiac Chambers

Question 1

Left atrium continously…

Answer 1

receives oxygenated blood from the lungs via the 4 pulmonary veins which enter the left atrium posteriorly.

Question 2

The left atrial walls are around

Answer 2

3mm thick and is smooth walled except for the left atrial appendage.

Question 3

The left atrial appendage contains

Answer 3

pectinate muscle and does not have a definite function

Question 4

The left atrium is separated from the right atrium by the

Answer 4

interatrial septum

Question 5

The left ventricle is the main

Answer 5

‘pump’ for the body, pumping oxygenated blood from the left atrium to the body.

Question 6

The left ventricle only receives blood from the

Answer 6

left atrium when the mitral valve opens

Question 7

The left ventricle is

Answer 7

shaped and muscular

Question 8

Left ventricle wall thickness is

Answer 8

between 9 and 11mm

Question 9

When electrically stimulated the LV muscle contracts to eject up to

Answer 9

80% of the blood within it

Question 10

LV: the inflow portion

Answer 10

where blood flows from the left atrium into the left ventricle

Question 11

LV: the outflow portion

Answer 11

where blood flows out of the left ventricle through to the aorta

Question 12

The left ventricle contains 2 papillary muscles

Answer 12

anterolateral and posteromedial papillary muscles

Question 13

These papillary muscles attach to the mitral valve leaflets via

Answer 13

chordae tendinea

Question 14

The left ventricle is separated from the right ventricle by the

Answer 14

interventricular septum

Question 15

The LV has one inflow

Answer 15

the left atrium via the mitral valve

Question 16

The LV has one outflow

Answer 16

the aorta via the aortic valve

Question 17

The right atrium receives deoxygenated blood form

Answer 17

the body via the inferior vena cava and the superior vena cava

Question 18

Blood from IVC and SVC enter the right atrium

Answer 18

posteriorly and inferiorly/superiorly respectively

Question 19

The right atrium also receives deoxygenated blood from the

Answer 19

coronary arteries via the coronary sinus

Question 20

The superior vena cava returns blood from

Answer 20

body regions superior to the diaphragm

Question 21

The inferior vena cava returns blood from

Answer 21

body areas below the diaphragm

Question 22

The coronary sinus collects blood draining from

Answer 22

the myocardium

Question 23

The RV then delivers this blood through the tricuspid valve to the

Answer 23

right ventricle

Question 24

The RV is approximately how thick?

Answer 24

2m

Question 25

The right atrium also has an appendage called the

Answer 25

right atrial appendage

Question 26

The right atrial appendage

Answer 26

which like the left atrial appendage contains pectinate muscle and serves no definite function

Question 27

The right atrium contains the

Answer 27

fossa ovalis

Question 28

The fossa ovalis is

Answer 28

an embryonic structure, located in the interatrial septum on the right atrial side

Question 29

Chiari network

Answer 29

a weblike structure in the right atrium - near the opening of inferior vena cava and coronary sinus

Question 30

The right ventricle is the

Answer 30

pump to the lungs

Question 31

The right atrium pumps

Answer 31

deoxygenated blood from the body to the lungs where is can be oxygenated

Question 32

The right atrium recieves deoxygenated blood from

Answer 32

the right atrium when the tricuspid valve opens

Question 33

The RV wall thickness is

Answer 33

between 4 and 5 mm

Question 34

The RV contains

Answer 34

the moderator band

Question 35

The moderator band is also known as

Answer 35

septomarginal trabecula

Question 36

The moderator band

Answer 36

connects the interventricular septum to the anterior papillary muscle

Question 37

The moderator band is important because it

Answer 37

carries the electrical impulse from the right bundle branch (in the interventricular septum) to the anterior papillary muscle to allow coordinated contraction of the RV

Question 38

The RV also contains the

Answer 38

crista supraventricularis

Question 39

The crista supraventricularis

Answer 39

a muscular ridge located between the tricuspid and pulmonic valves

Question 40

The RV has ... papillary muscles

Answer 40

3

Question 41

RV: 3 papillary muscles attach to

Answer 41

the leaflets of the tricuspid valve

Question 42

All cardiac chambers are made up of

Answer 42

myocardium – cardiac muscle

Question 43

The layers of the myocardium from the inside out are

Answer 43

the endocardium, the myocardium and the epicardium

Question 44

The endocardium covers

Answer 44

the inner surfaces of the heart, including the heart valves

Question 45

The endocardium is made up of

Answer 45

a layer of epithelium and underlying areolar tissue

Question 46

The middle of the heart is

Answer 46

the myocardium which is the muscle tissue

Question 47

The myocardium contains

Answer 47

cardiac muscle cells, connective tissues, blood vessels, and nerves

Question 48

The myocardium forms

Answer 48

a complex spiral around the ventricles allowing a wringing motion to more efficiently eject blood in systole

Question 49

The outer layer of the heart is

Answer 49

the epicardial layer

Question 50

The epicardial layer is also known as

Answer 50

the visceral layer of the serous pericardium

Question 51

The epicardium covers

Answer 51

the outer surface of the heart