Module 2: Biological membranes Flashcards
What is the main function of biological membranes?
To control the entry and exit of substances into and out of cells.
True or False: Biological membranes are selectively permeable.
True
What is the lipid bilayer composed of in biological membranes?
Phospholipids
What is the role of proteins in biological membranes?
Transport, enzyme activity, cell recognition, and cell adhesion.
Which type of proteins span the entire lipid bilayer in biological membranes?
Integral proteins
What are the two types of integral proteins in biological membranes?
Transmembrane proteins and lipid-anchored proteins
What type of proteins are attached to the surface of the lipid bilayer in biological membranes?
Peripheral proteins
What is the function of cholesterol in biological membranes?
Maintains membrane fluidity and stability
What is the role of glycoproteins and glycolipids in biological membranes?
Cell recognition and communication
What is the difference between simple diffusion and facilitated diffusion in biological membranes?
Simple diffusion does not require proteins, while facilitated diffusion does.
What is the difference between active transport and passive transport in biological membranes?
Active transport requires energy, while passive transport does not.
What is the process by which large molecules are transported across biological membranes?
Endocytosis and exocytosis
What is the term for the engulfing of particles by the cell membrane in biological membranes?
Phagocytosis
What is the term for the engulfing of liquids by the cell membrane in biological membranes?
Pinocytosis
What is the term for the specific uptake of macromolecules by the cell membrane in biological membranes?
Receptor-mediated endocytosis
