Module 2 A

Question 1

This refers to the living components of the ecosystem

Answer 1

Biota

Question 2

This refers to the nonliving components of the ecosystem

Answer 2

Abiota

Question 3

“self feeding” organisms and are capable of producing their own food by the use of nutrients from the environment and energy from sunlight or inorganic substances. These are?

Answer 3

Autotrophic organisms

Question 4

Aquatic organisms capable of photosynthesis, carbon source is CO2 and energy source is light. These are?

Answer 4

Photoautotrophic

Question 5

Examples of autotrophic organisms are?

Answer 5

Aquatic plants
Algae
(Micro macro)
Chemosynthetic bacteria

Question 6

Organism that are autotrophic but uses reduced inorganic compounds as energy source. These are?

Answer 6

Chemoautotrophic

Question 7

Organisms that cannot produce their own food and the carbon and energy source is organic carbon

Answer 7

Heterotrophic

Question 8

Diverse collection of organisms that are small size, large in number and rapid growth rate. They drift passively and cannot swim against the current

Answer 8

Plankton

Question 9

Based in life form and habitat, living organisms can be classified as?

Answer 9

Plankton
Nekton
Benthos
Neuston
Periphyton

Question 10

These organisms live in the bottom sediments

Answer 10

Benthos

Question 11

These organisms burrow in the sediment, thry feed on the surface of sediment

Answer 11

Infauna

Question 12

The size of these organisms is >0.5mm

Answer 12

Macrobenthos

Question 13

The size of these organisms id <0.1mm

Answer 13

Microbenthos

Question 14

The size of this organism is <0.5mm

Answer 14

Meiobenthos

Question 15

Benthos organisms that live in the surface of sediment and may be attached or free ranging

Answer 15

Epifauna

Question 16

Organisms that thrive at the air-water interface

Answer 16

Pleuston

Question 17

The microscopic component of pleuston.

Ex plankton community
Floating organisms

Answer 17

Neuston

Question 18

Film or microscopic organism that thrive on the surface of the substrates

“aufwuchs/biofilm”
Ex. Fungi, bacteria, protozoa, microscopic invertebrates

Answer 18

periphyton

Question 19

What are the phyiscal limiting factors?

Answer 19

Light
Temperature
Salinity
Nutrients

Question 20

What are the biological limiting factors?

Answer 20

Predation
Competition
Herbivory

Question 21

In this zone, the species are operating at greater efficiency

Answer 21

Optimum range

Question 22

At this zone, the species are operating less efficiency

Answer 22

Stress zone

Question 23

This is known as the concentration of dissolved salts in the water. It affects growth and development if aquatic organisms

Answer 23

Salinity

Question 24

The regulation if internal salt af water

Answer 24

Osmoregulation

Question 25

Can only tolerate a narrow range of salinity

Answer 25

Stenohaline

Question 26

Can adapt to a wide range of salinity changes

Answer 26

Euryhaline

Question 27

This limiting factor affects the rate of metabolism in aquatic organisms. The rate of metabolism increased as it increases

Answer 27

Temperature

Question 28

This organism’s body temperature depends on the surrounding environment

Ex: aquatic invertebrates, fishes

Answer 28

Ectotherms

Question 29

The organisms body temperature is independent from that of the surrounding environment

Aquatic mammals, tunas and white sharks

Answer 29

Endotherms

Question 30

Rately any light can penetrate beyond _ meters

Answer 30

200

Question 31

Euphotic zone. Sunlight rarely penetrate within this zone

Answer 31

Sunlight

Question 32

Dysphotic zone. Sunlight decreases rapidly with depth. Photosynthesis is impossible

Answer 32

Twilight

Question 33

Aphotic zone. Sunlight does not penetrate at all. The area is covered in darkness

Answer 33

Midnight

Question 34

freshwater:
limiting nutrient
marine waters:
limiting nutrient

Answer 34

Phosphorus
Nitrogen