Module 2 Flashcards
What are the 3 layers of a blood vessel and what are they made of?
Innermost layer= tunica intima- made up of squamous epithelial
Middle layer= tunica media-made up of elastic smooth muscle and the protein collagen
Outermost later= tunica externa-made up of connective tissue
Can the diameter of most blood vessels be changed if so how?
Yes they can, it is controlled by the nervous system, constricting and dilating the smooth muscle layer in the tunica media
What does the construction of blood vessels result in?
Increase in blood pressure
What does the dilation of blood vessels result in?
Decrease of blood pressure
What are the main differences between arteries and veins?
Arteries= thicker walls opposed to veins due to carrying blood at a higher pressure!
Arteries have no valves where as veins do to prevent back flow of blood!
Arteries have a smaller lumen than veins
What are capillaries main role?
To allow the exchange of solutes between blood and body cells
Eg nutrients, respitory gases and waste
How can blood pressure be controlled?
Changing the diameter of blood vessels which affect peripheral resistance, changing the amount of blood pumped or cardiac output or altering the volume of fluids in circulation
Where do you put the blood pressure cuff?
Brachial artery
What is the top number in blood pressure called?
Systolic pressure
What is the bottom number in blood pressure called?
Diastolic pressure
What is blood?
Fluid mixture of plasma and cells
What is the bloods job?
Transport oxygen , nutrients, waste, hormones around the body
What does blood do for the body
Regulates pH
Protects against infection
Distribution of heat
What colour is plasma?
Straw yellow composed of water
