Module 2 Flashcards
(39 cards)
A community health nurse determined exactly how many cases of a particular disease were currently occurring in the community. which of the following actions should the nurse take before determining what interventions should be planned?
Compare the current rate with the previous rate of disease
When trying to determine whether the swine flu outbreak was getting worse, which of the following rates should be carefully observed?
the swine flu incidence rate
People were very concerned about another outbreak of swine flu. All care providers were asked to report, without individual names, any new cases to the public health department for tracking. Which of the following would be most helpful for the local media to report to keep citizens informed?
The ongoing incidence rate.
A student athlete receives a screening examination before being active in school sports. Which of the following levels of prevention is being used?
Secondary prevention
On the basis of findings related to elevated blood levels of cholesterol, a researcher wanted to determine whether a new drug would notably lower the blood levels of cholesterol in otherwise healthy persons. Which of the following studies would the researcher most likely use?
experimental study
A researcher is examining potential risk factors in comparison with disease at a specific time through collecting data regarding current exercise, sleep patterns , and current health status among 12-year-olds. Which of the following research studies would be most appropriate?
cross-sectional study
A nurse wanted a screening test that was very sensitive in determining who might have a particular illness. What might be a problem with using such a sensitive test?
- persons who do not have the illness are told that they might, which leads to anxiety, as well as time and cost of follow-up diagnostic tests.
- such a test may have lower specificity, so some persons with the disease are told they are disease free and hence do not receive care.
Which of the following best describes the importance of discovering all of the variables that may be involved in creating a disease state in some persons?
finding variables that are susceptible to prevention or early intervention is important
Which of the following groups should be used to determine the community’s pregnancy rate?
women between 15 and 45 years old in the community
A researcher has limited time and funds. Which of the following research designs would be the most appropriate?
retrospective study
Which of the following best describes a model that demonstrates the progression of disease from prepathogenesis pathogenesis through disease outcome?
natural history model
Which of the following statements best describes why the incidence and prevalence of gonorrhea is unknown?
gonorrhea is not a reportable condition.
A researcher wanted to engage in the best possible research design to obtain reliable information about the possible causes(s) of a disease. Which of the following designs would the researcher choose?
prospective study
An epidemiologis is gathering data to determine which factors may lead to disease. Which of the following data will be gathered?
- when disease struck the area
- geographic data
- demographic characteristics
Which of the following best describes the advantage of the web of causation model in comparison with the epidemiological triangle model?
the web of causation model shows the relationships among variables
Which of the following research studies would determine the attributable risk of a sedentary lifestyle in cardiac disease?
subtracting the rate of cardiac disease among athletes from the rate of cardiac disease among non-athletes
Two brothers played with their cousin. One brother later became quite ill, whereas the other did not. Which of the following provides the best explanation for this occurrence?
difference in genetic inheritance between the two brothers
A researcher, interested in the onset of early menses, compared the life experiences and history of 1000 14-year-old girls, half of whom had monthly periods and half of whom did not, to determine what variables might be observed. Which of the following would be the most appropriate categorization of this study?
retrospective study
In a particular community, the rate of new cases of diabetes and the rate of new cases of flu during the month of Jan were precisely the same. Which disease would have the higher prevalence rate?
As a chronic condition, diabetes would have the higher prevalence rate.
Which of the following factors are necessary to assume there might be a cause-effect relationship between a particular variable A and a specific illness?
- it is easy to understand how the variable A could lead to illness.
- The more of variable A present, the sicker the person becomes
- research studies consistently demonstrate a relationship between variable A and the illness.
Which of the following best describes the Tuskegee Syphilis Study?
It implemented unethical and racist treatment of uninformed subjects.
For which of the following would a screening test be most appropriate?
Disease B, which can be controlled if caught early in the disease process.
A client has developed pellagra because of a lack of certain B vitamins. Which of the following best describes the classification of the nutritional deficiency?
agent factor
One hundred women received notification that their screening tests suggested tat they might have a serious health problem. Which of the following actions should the nurse take to ensure that they will complete follow-up testing?
point out that screening is only suggestive and that not all positive screenings mean they actually have the health problem.
