Module 1

Question 1

community

Answer 1

a group or collection of individuals interacting in social units and sharing common interests, characteristics, values, and goals

Question 2

geopolitical communities

Answer 2

formed by natural and/or manmade boundaries and include cities, counties, states, and nations (think: location)

Question 3

phenomenological communities

Answer 3

refer to relational, interactive groups. People share a group identity based on culture, values, history, interests, and goals. ex: schools, colleges, churches, mosques, organizations

Question 4

population

Answer 4

a group of people having common personal or environmental characteristics

Question 5

aggregates

Answer 5

subgroups or subpopulations that have some common characteristics or concerns

Question 6

assurance

Answer 6

focuses on the availability of necessary health services throughout the community. It includes maintaining the ability of both public health agencies and private providers to manage day-to-day operations and the capacity to respond to critical situations and emergencies.

Question 7

PRIMARY prevention

Answer 7

activities directed at PREVENTING a problem BEFORE it occurs by altering susceptibility or reducing exposure for susceptible individuals. Ex: immunizations and water purification

Question 8

SECONDARY prevention

Answer 8

Focuses on EARLY DETECTION and PROMPT INTERVENTION . It is implemented after a problem has begun but before s/s appear and target those with risk factors. Ex: mammograms, bp screening, scoliosis screening, pap smears

Question 9

TERTIARY prevention

Answer 9

targets populations that have experienced disease or injury and focuses on limitation of disability and rehabilitation. The goal is to keep health problems from getting worse and to restore optimal level of functioning. Ex: support groups, physical therapy, disease management teaching for diabetic.

Question 10

What is the difference between community health nursing and community-based nursing?

Answer 10

community health nursing: primary client is the community; services are both direct and indirect
community-based nursing: primary clients are the individual and the family; services are largely direct.

Question 11

population-focused nursing

Answer 11

concentrates on specific groups of people and focuses on health promotion and disease prevention, regardless of geographic location.

Question 12

upstream thinking

Answer 12

focus on modifying economic, political, and environmental factors that are the precursors of poor health throughout the world.

Question 13

microscopic focus

Answer 13

the individual

Question 14

macroscopic focus

Answer 14

society or social economic factors influencing health status

Question 15

conservative scope of practice

Answer 15

frameworks that focus energy on intrapatient and nurse-patient factors. Often has psychological explanations of patient behavior (i.e. problems with patient motivation or attitude)