MODULE 2

Question 1

A brilliant “GERMAN” thinker of great renown laid the foundations for his ethics in his short but influential “ Groundwkrk of the Methaphysics of Morals”

Answer 1

IMMANUEL KANT ( KANT’S ETHICS )

Question 2

Duty or Obligation

Answer 2

DEONTOLOGISM

Question 3

A matter of INTENT, MOTIVE , AND WILL

Answer 3

Intuitionism

Question 4

Two types of Duties

Answer 4

1. Perfect
2. Imperfect

Question 5

People must ALWAYS OBSERVE, IRRESPECTIVE of TIME AND PLACE or CIRCUMSTANCES. That a person should Not Harm or inflict injury upon others is a perfect duty.

Answer 5

Perfect Duty

Question 6

People must observe “ONLY ON SOME OCCASIONS” That a person show love and compassion occasionally to others based on his choice is an Imperfect Duty

Answer 6

Imperfect Duty

Question 7

Concept of the “Will”

Answer 7

Autonomous, Self- Regulating Will

Question 8

It is always WRONG TO LIE, No matter what the consequences may be.

Medical Practioners must ALWAYS TREAT PEOPLE AS ENDS AND not only as Means

Answer 8

Good results never make an Action morally Right

Some rights should be recignized

Question 9

A “ BRITISH” aristotelian scholar and moral philosopher presented a rule- deontological theoy in his book “ The RIGHT AND THE GOOD”

Answer 9

William David Ross ( Ross’s Ethics )

Question 10

He recognized that there are “ EXCEPTIONS” to every Rule, and in some situations, the latter must be set aside. He believed that “ rightness and goodness are the only teo moral properties”

Answer 10

WILLIAM DAVID ROSS

Question 11

One’s “ REAL DUTY” in a given situation. It is the action one ought to choose from among many other actions.

Answer 11

ACTUAL DUTY

Question 12

One that “ DIRECTS or COMMANDS” what one ought to perform when other relevant factors are NOT TAKEN INTO ACCOUNT

Answer 12

Prima Facie duty

Question 13

7 Types of Prima Facie Duties

Answer 13

1. Duty of FIDELITY
2. Duty of REPARATION
3. Duty of GRATITUDE
4. Duty of JUSTICE
5. Duty of BENEFICENCE
6. Duty of SELF-IMPROVEMENT
7. Duty of NON- MALEFICENCE

Question 14

Rawl’s Theory of Justice

Answer 14

John Rawls

Question 15

NATURAL LAW ETHICS

Answer 15

St. THOMAS AQUINAS

Question 16

A profound “ ITALIAN” philosopher and theoligian, who gave doctrine its “ MOST INFLUENTIAL FORMULATION and ARTICULATION in the 13th century.

Answer 16

St. THOMAS AQUINAS

Question 17

“Do good, avoid evil”

Answer 17

St. Thomas Aquinas ( Scholastic Ethics, Christian Ethics, Natural Law Ethics )

Question 18

He used the term “ SYNDERESIS” to describe this inherent capacity of every individual to distinguish the
“ GOOD FROM BAD”