module 2

Question 1

relative isotopic mass

Answer 1

mass of an isotope relative to 1/12 of carbon-12

Question 2

relative atomic mass

Answer 2

the weighted mean mass of an atom relative to 1/12 of carbon-12

Question 3

valency

Answer 3

number of electrons the atom loses or gains, or the number of bonds it forms

Question 4

isotopes

Answer 4

atoms of the same element with the same number or protons but different number of neutrons and therefore different masses

Question 5

atomic orbital

Answer 5

a region around the nucleus that can hold up to 2 electrons with opposite spins

Question 5

ionic bonding

Answer 5

electrostatic attraction between positive and negative ions

Question 6

covalent bonding

Answer 6

strong electrostatic attraction between a shared pair of electrons and the nuclei of the bonded atoms

Question 7

electronegativity

Answer 7

the ability of an atom to attract the bonding electrons in a covalent bond

Question 8

intermolecular forces

Answer 8

weak interactions between dipoles of different molecules

Question 9

relative atomic mass calculation

Answer 9

sum of isotopic masses / sum of abundances

Question 10

acid

Answer 10

proton donor

Question 11

base

Answer 11

proton acceptor

Question 12

alkali

Answer 12

a soluble base that releases OH- ions in an aqueous solution

Question 13

salt

Answer 13

when an acid has one or more of its hydrogen ions replaced by either a metal ion or an ammonium ion

Question 14

reducing agent

Answer 14

the chemical that is oxidised

Question 15

oxidising agent

Answer 15

the chemical that is reduced

Question 16

disproportionation reaction

Answer 16

when an element is both oxidised and reduced in the same reaction