Module 2 Flashcards
Proposed the heliocentric model of the universe, challenging the prevailing geocentric view and revolutionizing our understanding of planetary motion.
Nicolas Copernicus
His work laid the foundation for modern astronomy and set the stage for subsequent advancements in the field.
Nicolas Copernicus
A theory that believes the Sun is the center of the solar system, with the planets, including Earth, orbiting around it.
Heliocentric Theory
It revolutionized our understanding of celestial motion, challenging the long-held geocentric view and paving the way for advancements in astronomy and our perception of the universe.
Heliocentric Theory
A prominent astronomer, who observed and record the positions of celestial bodies.
Tycho Brahe
His precise and extensive data became a valuable resource for Johannes Kepler, who used it to develop his laws of planetary motion and provide further evidence for the heliocentric model.
Tycho Brahe
It was a supernova explosion that Tycho Brahe observed and documented, leading to a profound shift in the understanding of the universe.
1572 Supernova
provided valuable data that contributed to the advancement of astronomy and our knowledge of the celestial sphere during Tycho Brahe’s time. An extensive observations of stars his cataloging of “___” stars,
777 Stars
The effect whereby the position or direction of an object appears to differ when viewed from different positions
Parallax
Brahe’s observations and measurements of planetary positions led him to conclude that the planets, including the Sun, revolved around the Earth. This aligned with the geocentric model, which was the dominant cosmological view of the time.
Geo-Heliocentrism
Brahe believed that the Earth was fixed at the center of the universe, while the Sun and Moon orbited around it. On the other hand, he proposed that the other planets orbited around the Sun, which itself orbited around the Earth.
Geo-Heliocentrism
Formulated three fundamental laws of planetary motion that revolutionized our understanding of the solar system.
Johannes Kepler
Described the elliptical orbits of planets, the equal areas law, and the harmonic relationship between a planet’s orbital period and its distance from the Sun, laying the foundation for modern celestial mechanics.
Johannes Kepler
Kepler’s Law of Planetary Motion
• The Law of Ellipses
• The Law of Equal Areas
• The Law of Harmonies
He was credited with significantly improving the design of the telescope and using it to make groundbreaking astronomical observations. Although he did not invent the telescope, he made important modifications that allowed him to study celestial objects in unprecedented detail.
Galileo Galilei
What are Galileo Galilei’s discoveries
- Moon’s Surface
- Jupiter’s Moons
- Phases of Venus
- Saturn’s Rings
- Sunspots
These findings, published in Galileo’s influential work “________” (Starry Messenger), ignited both awe and controversy across Europe.
Sidereus Nuncius
In 1632, he published “______________________” which openly advocated the heliocentric model and questioned the geocentric beliefs held by the Catholic Church. This placed him at odds with the Inquisition, resulting in a trial and house arrest.
Dialogue Concerning the Two Chief World Systems
He introduced the concept of “species” as a distinct category of living organisms, contributing to the development of the modern concept of species in biology.
John Ray
is known for developing the modern system of biological classification (taxonomy) and binomial nomenclature.
Carl Linnaeus
Pioneered modern human anatomy with his work “De Humani Corporis Fabrica.”
Andreas Versalius
(oxygenated) away from the heart.
Arteries
(deoxygenated) back to the heart.
Veins
are the smallest blood vessels in the body, responsible for exchanging nutrients, oxygen, and waste products between the blood and surrounding tissues.
Cappillaries
beat of the heart and the movement of blood through the arteries at various points of the body.
Pulse
He was a pioneering physician who discovered and accurately described the circulation of blood in the human body, fundamentally transforming our understanding of cardiovascular physiology.
William Harvey
His work in physics, including his laws of motion and law of universal gravitation, laid the foundation for modern physics and mechanics.
Isaac Newton
What Newton’s Law of motion is this: A body in motion remains in motion or a body at rest remains at rest, unless acted
upon by a force.
1st law
What Newton’s Law of motion is this: Force equals mass times acceleration:
F = m*a.
2nd Law
What Newton’s Law of motion is this: For every action, there si an equal and opposite reaction.
3rd Law
An American psychologist who created Maslow’s hierarchy of needs, a theory of psychological health predicated on fulfilling innate human needs in priority, culminating in self-actualization.
Abraham Maslow
From top to bottom, what is the correct order of Maslow’s hierarchy of needs?
- Self Actualization
- Esteem needs
- Belongingness and love needs
- Safety needs
- Psychological needs
an English naturalist, biologist, and geologist, published his book, On the Origin of Species.
Charles Darwin
In this book, Darwin introduce the theory of evolution, which posited that populations pass through a process of natural selection in which only the fittest would survive.
On the Origin of Species
Psychology was considered more of an ___ rather than a _______.
Art rather than a Science.
In the late 19th century, he was able to change people’s perception of psychology with his revolutionary theory of psychoanalysis.
Sigmund Freud
Introduced the idea that unconscious forces drive human behavior.
The Freudian Revolution
is the study that explains human behavior. In this theory, Freud explained that there are many conscious and unconscious factors that can influence behavior and emotions.
Psychoanalysis
Freud also argued that personality is a product of three conflicting elements which are…?
id, ego, and superego.
Freud also argued that personality is a product of three conflicting elements which are…?
id, ego, and superego.
