Module 2

Question 1

Proposed the heliocentric model of the universe, challenging the prevailing geocentric view and revolutionizing our understanding of planetary motion.

Answer 1

Nicolas Copernicus

Question 2

His work laid the foundation for modern astronomy and set the stage for subsequent advancements in the field.

Answer 2

Nicolas Copernicus

Question 3

A theory that believes the Sun is the center of the solar system, with the planets, including Earth, orbiting around it.

Answer 3

Heliocentric Theory

Question 4

It revolutionized our understanding of celestial motion, challenging the long-held geocentric view and paving the way for advancements in astronomy and our perception of the universe.

Answer 4

Heliocentric Theory

Question 5

A prominent astronomer, who observed and record the positions of celestial bodies.

Answer 5

Tycho Brahe

Question 6

His precise and extensive data became a valuable resource for Johannes Kepler, who used it to develop his laws of planetary motion and provide further evidence for the heliocentric model.

Answer 6

Tycho Brahe

Question 7

It was a supernova explosion that Tycho Brahe observed and documented, leading to a profound shift in the understanding of the universe.

Answer 7

1572 Supernova

Question 8

provided valuable data that contributed to the advancement of astronomy and our knowledge of the celestial sphere during Tycho Brahe’s time. An extensive observations of stars his cataloging of “___” stars,

Answer 8

777 Stars

Question 9

The effect whereby the position or direction of an object appears to differ when viewed from different positions

Answer 9

Parallax

Question 10

Brahe’s observations and measurements of planetary positions led him to conclude that the planets, including the Sun, revolved around the Earth. This aligned with the geocentric model, which was the dominant cosmological view of the time.

Answer 10

Geo-Heliocentrism

Question 11

Brahe believed that the Earth was fixed at the center of the universe, while the Sun and Moon orbited around it. On the other hand, he proposed that the other planets orbited around the Sun, which itself orbited around the Earth.

Answer 11

Geo-Heliocentrism

Question 12

Formulated three fundamental laws of planetary motion that revolutionized our understanding of the solar system.

Answer 12

Johannes Kepler

Question 13

Described the elliptical orbits of planets, the equal areas law, and the harmonic relationship between a planet’s orbital period and its distance from the Sun, laying the foundation for modern celestial mechanics.

Answer 13

Johannes Kepler

Question 14

Kepler’s Law of Planetary Motion

Answer 14

• The Law of Ellipses
• The Law of Equal Areas
• The Law of Harmonies

Question 15

He was credited with significantly improving the design of the telescope and using it to make groundbreaking astronomical observations. Although he did not invent the telescope, he made important modifications that allowed him to study celestial objects in unprecedented detail.

Answer 15

Galileo Galilei

Question 16

What are Galileo Galilei’s discoveries

Answer 16

1. Moon’s Surface
2. Jupiter’s Moons
3. Phases of Venus
4. Saturn’s Rings
5. Sunspots

Question 17

These findings, published in Galileo’s influential work “________” (Starry Messenger), ignited both awe and controversy across Europe.

Answer 17

Sidereus Nuncius

Question 18

In 1632, he published “______________________” which openly advocated the heliocentric model and questioned the geocentric beliefs held by the Catholic Church. This placed him at odds with the Inquisition, resulting in a trial and house arrest.

Answer 18

Dialogue Concerning the Two Chief World Systems

Question 19

He introduced the concept of “species” as a distinct category of living organisms, contributing to the development of the modern concept of species in biology.

Answer 19

John Ray

Question 20

is known for developing the modern system of biological classification (taxonomy) and binomial nomenclature.

Answer 20

Carl Linnaeus

Question 21

Pioneered modern human anatomy with his work “De Humani Corporis Fabrica.”

Answer 21

Andreas Versalius

Question 22

(oxygenated) away from the heart.

Answer 22

Arteries

Question 23

(deoxygenated) back to the heart.

Answer 23

Veins

Question 24

are the smallest blood vessels in the body, responsible for exchanging nutrients, oxygen, and waste products between the blood and surrounding tissues.

Answer 24

Cappillaries

Question 25

beat of the heart and the movement of blood through the arteries at various points of the body.

Answer 25

Pulse

Question 26

He was a pioneering physician who discovered and accurately described the circulation of blood in the human body, fundamentally transforming our understanding of cardiovascular physiology.

Answer 26

William Harvey

Question 27

His work in physics, including his laws of motion and law of universal gravitation, laid the foundation for modern physics and mechanics.

Answer 27

Isaac Newton

Question 28

What Newton’s Law of motion is this: A body in motion remains in motion or a body at rest remains at rest, unless acted
upon by a force.

Answer 28

1st law

Question 29

What Newton’s Law of motion is this: Force equals mass times acceleration:
F = m*a.

Answer 29

2nd Law

Question 30

What Newton’s Law of motion is this: For every action, there si an equal and opposite reaction.

Answer 30

3rd Law

Question 31

An American psychologist who created Maslow’s hierarchy of needs, a theory of psychological health predicated on fulfilling innate human needs in priority, culminating in self-actualization.

Answer 31

Abraham Maslow

Question 32

From top to bottom, what is the correct order of Maslow’s hierarchy of needs?

Answer 32

1. Self Actualization
2. Esteem needs
3. Belongingness and love needs
4. Safety needs
5. Psychological needs

Question 33

an English naturalist, biologist, and geologist, published his book, On the Origin of Species.

Answer 33

Charles Darwin

Question 34

In this book, Darwin introduce the theory of evolution, which posited that populations pass through a process of natural selection in which only the fittest would survive.

Answer 34

On the Origin of Species

Question 35

Psychology was considered more of an ___ rather than a _______.

Answer 35

Art rather than a Science.

Question 36

In the late 19th century, he was able to change people’s perception of psychology with his revolutionary theory of psychoanalysis.

Answer 36

Sigmund Freud

Question 37

Introduced the idea that unconscious forces drive human behavior.

Answer 37

The Freudian Revolution

Question 38

is the study that explains human behavior. In this theory, Freud explained that there are many conscious and unconscious factors that can influence behavior and emotions.

Answer 38

Psychoanalysis

Question 39

Freud also argued that personality is a product of three conflicting elements which are…?

Answer 39

id, ego, and superego.

Question 40

Freud also argued that personality is a product of three conflicting elements which are…?

Answer 40

id, ego, and superego.