module 2

Question 1

what is an infectous disease

Answer 1

disease caused by another organism

Question 2

obligate parasites:

Answer 2

are organisms that for all or most of their lifecycle are parasitic and require a host

Question 3

Facultative parasites:

Answer 3

are organisms that are not normally parasitic but can survive when they accidentially find themselves within another organism

Question 4

Opportunistic infections:

Answer 4

Organisms that are often facultatively parasitic and invade hosts with weakened immune system

Question 5

Ectoparasites:

Answer 5

are parasites that live on the outside of the host

Question 6

Endoparasites:

Answer 6

are parasites that live inside the host

Question 7

endoparasites can inffect what tissue and cells

Answer 7

tissue tropism
cell tropism

Question 8

horizontal transmition

Answer 8

transmition through direct contact

Question 9

vertical transmition

Answer 9

mother to offspring transmition

Question 10

Types of indirect transmition

Answer 10

vector-borne
airborne
formite-born

Question 11

Indirect life cycle of a parasite means

Answer 11

there are multiple hosts necessary to complete life cycle there is a definite/primary host and intermediate hosts

Question 11

direct life cycle of parasite means

Answer 11

there is a single host used to complete life cycle

Question 12

possible forms of parasites

Answer 12

mind controlling
suicidal
zombie
advertising
bodygaurd

Question 13

microparasites are made up of

Answer 13

viruses
bacteria
prions

Question 14

animals always have what type of parasites

Answer 14

extracellular parasiites

Question 15

characteristics of fungi

Answer 15

absorbs carbon and energy
unicellular or multicellular
large genomes
sexual or asexual
decomposers/saprophytes

Question 16

protozoa/ majority of eikaryote diversity characteristics

Answer 16

ussally unicellular
true eukaryotes
tend to live in moist habitats
changing cell types
variety of food sources
large genomes
mostly extracellular

Question 17

many bacteria are

Answer 17

opportunistic pathogens

Question 18

bacterial DNA characteristics

Answer 18

mostly one circular chromosome
contain plasmids
genetic exchange via lateral/horizontal gene transfer & recombination
rapid evolution

Question 19

virisus are what type of parasite

Answer 19

obligate parasites

Question 20

are viruses consitered to be alive

Answer 20

No because they are not true organisms

Question 21

bacteriophage

Answer 21

when a virus infects bacteria

Question 22

virus characteristics

Answer 22

DNA or RNA ds or ss
no cell membrane
all functions require host
have a capsid(protein coat)

Question 23

types of a virues life cycle

Answer 23

lytic cycle-lyses host cell
lysogenic cycle- generates lytic cycle

Question 24

in viruses when is the genome more likely to be mutated?

Answer 24

mutations are more likely to occur in single-stranded genomes

Question 25

recombination/reassortment of virus genome requieres

Answer 25

co-infection of host cells

Question 26

if the genome of virus is one segment only ___ is possible

Answer 26

recombination

Question 27

if the genome of virus is multple segments then ____ is possible

Answer 27

reassortment