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Construction Materials > Module 2 > Flashcards

Module 2 Flashcards

Concrete

1
Q

Concrete components

A

Water, Cement, Coarse and Fine Aggregates, Admixtures (optional)

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2
Q

Mortar components

A

Water, Cement, Fine Aggregates

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3
Q

Cement paste components

A

Water, Cement

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4
Q

What type of cement is Portland Cement?

A

Hydraulic cement

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5
Q

Cement components

A

Limestone, Clay, Iron Ore, Cement rock

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6
Q

What is the first stage of cement?

A

Mixing (1-2 mins)

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7
Q

What is the second stage of cement?

A

Induction (1-2 hours)

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8
Q

What is the third stage of cement?

A

Acceleration (12-24 hours)

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9
Q

What is the fourth stage of cement?

A

Deceleration (20-25 hours)

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10
Q

What is the fifth stage of cement?

A

Diffusion Limited

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11
Q

Water Cement ratio

A

Water/Cement

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12
Q

Specific Gravity

A

Density of Substance/Density of Water

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13
Q

First type of Aggregate

A

Coarse Aggregate

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14
Q

Second type of Aggregate

A

Fine Aggregate

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15
Q

Particles are greater than 1/4 inches, comprise 40-45% of the mixture, and where concrete gets is the compressive strength

A

Coarse Aggregate

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16
Q

Particles are greater than 3/8 inches, comprise 30-35% of the mixture, and where concrete gets filled up

A

Fine Aggregate

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17
Q

Denser aggregates

A

Well-Graded Aggregate

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18
Q

Hollow aggregates

A

Poorly Graded Aggregate

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19
Q

A characteristic of aggregates where it will give a stronger final concrete

A

Strong and Hard

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20
Q

A characteristic of aggregates is that it can stand up to wear and tear and weathering

A

Durable

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21
Q

A characteristic of aggregates is that it doesn’t react with cement

A

Chemically inactive

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22
Q

A characteristic of aggregates where dirt and clay are not sticking to the mixture

A

Clean

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23
Q

A characteristic of aggregates where it varies in sizes

A

Graded

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24
Q

Aggregate that is more workable

A

Rounded aggregates

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25
Q

Aggregate that is harder to work with but can make the concrete stronger

A

Angular aggregate

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26
Q

Combining with water

A

Hydration

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27
Q

Grade of aggregate that has fewer spaces

A

Well Graded

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28
Q

Grade of aggregate that is loose

A

Poorly Graded

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29
Q

Grade of aggregate that has no interaction with rocks and has low support

A

Gap Graded

30
Q

A crucial component of concrete that holds aggregates together like glue and should be filtered and drinkable

A

Water

31
Q

Optional component of concrete

A

Admixture

32
Q

Admixture that is added to alter the properties of concrete

A

Chemical Admixtures

33
Q

Adding microscopic air bubbles to make the concrete easier to finish

A

Air Entraining Admixtures

34
Q

Speed the set time of the mixture

A

Set Accelerators/Acceleration Plasticizers

35
Q

Slowing the setting of concrete

A

Set Retarders/Retanding Plasticizers

36
Q

Used to produce the amount of water required for a slump

A

Water Reducer

37
Q

Augments the strength and density of concrete

A

Mineral Admixtures

38
Q

Mineral additives in admixtures

A

Pozzolanic Materials

39
Q

Types of Mineral Admixture

A

Natural Pozzolans and Artificial Pozzolans

40
Q

Four Properties of Concrete

A

Workability, Cohesiveness, Strength, and Durability

41
Q

Three Different States of Concrete

A

Plastic, Setting, and Hardened

42
Q

Concrete can be worked and is like “bread dough”

A

Plastic State

43
Q

Concrete begins to stiffen, and this takes place after compaction and during finishing

A

Setting State

44
Q

A method of keeping concrete at a suitable temperature and moisture level over an extended period of time

A

Curing

45
Q

It is how easy concrete is to place, handle, compact, and finish a concrete mix

A

Workability

46
Q

Measured by its compressive strength using the compression test

A

Strength and Durability

47
Q

Removing air from concrete

A

Compaction

48
Q

How well does concrete hold together

A

Cohesiveness

49
Q

When does concrete testing occur?

A

Plastic state

50
Q

Shows the workability of concrete

A

Slump Test

51
Q

Measures concrete strength

A

Compression test

52
Q

Slump that falls as one, and the ideal type of slump

A

True Slump

53
Q

One side has a lesser slump

A

Shear Slump

54
Q

A type of slump which has too much water

A

Collapse Slump

55
Q

There are no changes once the cone is removed; too little water

A

Zero Slump

56
Q

It is a representative of the concrete supplied

A

Sampling

57
Q

A test is done to make sure the concrete is workable and within a set range of the target

A

Slump test

58
Q

The difference in color across the surface of the concrete

A

Color Variation

59
Q

Network of fine cracks across the surface of concrete

A

Crazing

60
Q

Fine powder on the concrete surface

A

Dusting

61
Q

Surface of concrete has bits washed away or has dents

A

Rain Damage

62
Q

Chipped edges or joints, leaving an elongated cavity

A

Spalling

63
Q

A white crystalline deposit found on the surface of concrete

A

Efflorescence

64
Q

Too much coarse aggregate is added

A

Honeycombing

65
Q

Hollow, low-profile bumps on the concrete surface

A

Blistering

66
Q

Cracks that happen before the concrete hardens

A

Pre-setting Cracks

67
Q

Cracks that happen after concrete hardens

A

Hardened Cracks

68
Q

Forms after the concrete is placed while it is still plastic

A

Plastic Settlement Cracks

69
Q

Appear in lines due to low humidity, usually 300-600mm long and 25mm-2m in length

A

Plastic Shrinkage Cracks

70
Q

Bending or bulging of formwork may happen during placement and compaction

A

Formwork Movement

71
Q

Cracks due to sudden changes in temperature

A

Thermal Shock

72
Q

Cracks caused by drying, shrinkage, movement or setting of the ground, or placing higher load on the concrete than it was designed to carry

A

Hardened Crack

Construction Materials (3 decks)

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