Module 2 Flashcards
trust vs mistrust
learn that adults can be trusted
learn to trust the world and what is around them
autonomy vs shame
begin to explore their world
they learn that they can control their actions and act on their environment to get a result they want
initiative vs guilt
are capable of initiating activities and asserting control over their world through social interaction and play
industry vs inferiority
begin to compare themselves to their peers and see how they measure up
develop a sense of pride or shame
identity vs role confusion
struggle with the question of who am I and what do I want to do with my lifein
timacy vs isolation
if other stages have not been successfully resolved they may have troubles developing and maintaining successful relationships
generatively vs stagnation
finding your life’s work and contribution to the development of others through activities
finding how to contribute to the next generation
integrity vs despair
reflection on their life and feel either a sense of satisfaction of failure
classical conditioning
helps to understand our responses to one situation becomes attach to a new situation
operant conditioning
organisms learn to associate a behavior with its consequences
social learning theory
learning occurs in a social context
it takes dynamic and reciprocal interactions into account
what are Piaget’s stages of cognitive development
sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, formal operational
what is sensorimotor stage
experiences through senses and actions, issues with object permanence and stranger anxiety
what is the preoperational stage
use words and images to represent things but lack logical reasoning, they do not understand conservation
what is the concrete operational stage
understand concrete events and logical analogies , understand reversibility
what is Formal Operational
Utilize abstract reasoning and hypothetical thinking
Describe information processing approaches to cognitive development
Assumes that even complex behavior (learning, remembering) can be broken down into a series of individual steps
The mind is like a computer which is responsible for analyzing info from the environment
Describe the major concepts of humanistic theory (unconditional positive regard, the good life), as developed by Carl Rodgers
a personality theory that emphasizes the importance of the self-actualizing tendency in shaping human personalities
We are constantly reacting to stimuli with subjective reality. Over time, we develop a self-concept based on the feedback from this field of reality
What are the Hierarchy of needs
Physiological Needs
Safety Needs
Love and Belonging
Esteem
Self-Actualization
Describe Vygotsky’s Sociocultural theory of cognitive development
Social interaction, leads children go through a continuous process of scaffolding learns
what is the real self
who you actually are
what is the ideal self
the person you would like to be
on the hierarchy of needs what is physiological needs
the main requirement for human survival
on the hierarchy of needs what is safety needs
the need for personal, emotional, financial, and physical security
on the hierarchy of needs what is love and belonging
the need for friendship, intimacy, and belonging
on the hierarchy of needs what is esteem
the typical desire to be accepted and valued by others
on the hierarchy of needs what is self-actualization
the desire to accomplish everything that one can
what is Bronfenbrenner’s bioecological model
made to explain how everything in a child and the child’s environment affect their development
microsystem
parents or siblings
those who have direct significant contact with the person
mesosystem
larger organizational structures
school, family, religion
exosystem
a community’s values, history, and economy can impact the organizational structures it houses
macrosystems
cultural elements
descrie the evolutionary perspective
seeks to identify behavior that is the result of our genetic inheritance
