Module 2

Question 0

1b. What age do most US jurisdictions define as the cut-off age for defining juveniles from adults in terms of offending in their criminal justice systems?

Answer 0

18

Question 1

1a. What is the primary federal agency that deals with issues related to juvenile delinquency?

Answer 1

The OJJDP ( The office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention )

Question 2

How many states differ from this cut-off age?

Answer 2

13

Question 3

What three states most differ from this cut-off age, and automatically charge all individuals aged 16 or older as adults?

Answer 3

Connecticut, New York, North Carolina

Question 4

1c. What state has the highest maximum age used by a US jurisdiction for defining individuals as a “youth” offender? What is that maximum age?

Answer 4

California ,

25

Question 5

1d. What is the difference between race and ethnicity?

Answer 5

Race is what you are born as, Ethnicity is how you’re raised

Question 6

What is the projected outlook in the future for juvenile growth in general and for certain minorities?

Answer 6

All race and ethnic groups will grow but hispanics are expected to grow the most at 58%

Question 7

1e. To what extent do juveniles make up the extent of poverty in the US?

Answer 7

-Poverty is most common among children then any other groups

Question 8

Is this related to single-headed households? If so, how?

Answer 8

-Yes, single headed households by women are more disposed to poverty

Question 9

List the US jurisdictions that seem to have the highest levels of poverty in the nation, and why?

Answer 9

District of Columbia , Washington DC

Question 10

1f. Specify and attempt to explain the recent trends regarding teenage birth rates (and abortion rates).

Answer 10

-It has went down between 1950-2002 because of the use of contraceptives

Question 11

What types of out-of-wedlock or single-headed households do not seem detrimental in terms of juvenile offending and/or poverty?

Answer 11

Women who wait longer to have children out of wedlock seem to be more financially stable

Question 12

Also, which jurisdictions appear to have the highest levels of teenage birth rates?

Answer 12

Washington DC , District of Columbia

Question 13

How does the US rank internationally in terms of teenage birth rates?

Answer 13

US leads all

Question 14

1g. What is the overall trend in drop-out rates from school in the US over the last few decades?

Answer 14

-Nearly half a million have dropped out of high school in 2000

Question 15

Discuss which groups of juveniles tend to show the highest levels of dropping out, as well as the implications for this in terms of juvenile offending.

Answer 15

• The kids that need education most to have better lives drop out
• lower class kids are dropping out twice the rate of other class kids

Question 16

What federal department is this agency contained in?

Answer 16

The department of justice and the FBI