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Module 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Tigris & Euphrates River

A

Mesopotamia

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2
Q

Huang He, Yangtze

A

Chinese

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3
Q

Nile river

A

Egyptian

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4
Q

The Fertile Crescent

A

Mesopotamia

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5
Q

Curved shape of land including lands facing Mediterranean Sea & plain between Tigris & Euphrates Rivers

A

The Fertile Crescent

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6
Q

-Flooded yearly (unpredictable) leaving behind a thick mud called silt
-Farmers planted crops in rich soil
-Resulted in plentiful harvests allowed villages to grow

A

The Fertile Crescent

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7
Q

Environmental Challenges for Sumerians:

UNPREDICTABLE FLOODING with a period of little to no rain. Land sometimes became almost a desert.

A

Solution:

•Dug IRRIGATION DITCHES that carried river water to their fields

•Led to production of surplus crops

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8
Q

Challenge:

NO NATURAL BARRIERS

A

SOLUTION:

Built CITY WALL with mud bricks

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9
Q

Ancient Egypt

A

Nileriver

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10
Q

Benefits of Nile River:

A

-Predictable yearly flooding
——- which allowed faring settlements to grow

  • They worshiped the over as a god
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11
Q

They were able to invent ways to control with their canvas, dams and irrigation systems

A

Egyptians and Mesopotamians

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12
Q

In Egyptian culture, they were considered as gods on earth who ruled over government and their Military

A

Pharaohs ( God-Kings)

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13
Q

a system of government in which priests rule in the name of God or a god.

A

Theocracy

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14
Q

Mesopotamian kings they were

A

Representatives of gods, but don’t considered them as one

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15
Q

Writing system in ancient Egypt

A

Hieroglyphics

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16
Q

Consisted of pictographs

Scribes recorded history beliefs and ideas of ancient Egypt

A

Egyptians hieroglyphics

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17
Q

-Used wedge-shaped tool to press symbols into clay, then baked clay in the sun to preserve the writing

-Used for record-keeping, writing about wars, natural disasters, etc.

-Marked beginning of written history

A

Sumerian Cuneiform

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18
Q

Iron was developed by

A

Egyptians and Mesopotamian

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19
Q

Needed a way of recording transactions clearly and quickly

A

Phoenician alphabet

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20
Q

Is similarities can be seen between Phoenician, Greek and modern alphabet

A

Yes

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21
Q

Rational explanations to the universe without referencing their faith, religion, and traditional beliefs.

A

Greeks

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22
Q

Their takeover of Europe did not contribute much to the advancement of Science.

23
Q

Focused on practicality

24
Q

Philosophers launched metaphysical explanations of the universe grounded on logic and not on what is observable.

25
Q

Order of universe can be seen inn the

A

Lunar and solar calendar

Cosmology

26
Q

Two civilization emerged during the ancient times

A

Egypt and Mesopotamia

27
Q

Discovery of materials like ______ and ______ for tools and other requirements for the community paved way to the development of civilization

A

Copper and Bronze

28
Q

Modern Times

A

Scientific Revolution

29
Q

Focused on the observable reality

A

Modern Times

30
Q

In modern times, the education was the prerogative of the

31
Q

Gregorian Caledar

A

Pope Gregory

32
Q

Heliocentric model

A

Nicole Oresme

33
Q

Movable printing press

A

Johannesburg Gutenberg

34
Q

Trades between east and west led to

A

Innovation

35
Q

Compass from china

A

Mariner’s compass

36
Q

Identified hydrochloric, sulfuric and nitric acids, generated aqua regia

Described processes such as sublimation, reduction and distillation

A

Jabir Ibn Hayyan

37
Q

determined length of solar year

A

Al-Battani

38
Q

developed more accurate astrolabe

A

Al-Zarqali

39
Q

popularized botany

A

Al-Dinawari

40
Q

drew a map of the world, geographic study of the peoples, climates, resources and industries

41
Q

Algebra

A

Al- Kwarizmi

42
Q

law of cosines in trigonometry

A

Jamshid al- Kashi

43
Q

identified smallpox and measles

A

Al –Razi

44
Q

wrote The Canon of Medicine

45
Q

Galileo’s presentation of evidences that supports this model was supported by

——— and ______ with the use of ____

A

Francis bacon and Rene Descartes

Scientific method

46
Q

Medieval experimental method to

A

Scientific method

47
Q

In _____, there are collaboration between scientists, philosophers and members of mathematical and astronomical communities

A

Medieval to modern science

48
Q

Publication of scientist’ work through institutions helped validate science as a

49
Q

Nullius in verba

A

take nobody’s word on it

50
Q

Modern times resulted in the end of feudalism and start of

A

Capitalism

51
Q

In the modern times, scientific knowledge led to invention and technological innovation

52
Q

Scientific knowledge led to

A

Invention and technological innovation

53
Q

Coupling of science and technology to meet the demands of growing population led the

A

Industrial revolution

54
Q

The end of feudalism is the start of the

A

Capitalism

STS (5 decks)

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